Abstract: The traditional culture type of Yunnan was diversified and has historical and cultural accumulation, especially with the rich and colorful agricultural biological resources protection and utilization. These traditional cultures occupy important position and play a very important role in the local economic and social development process. They are a treasure house of resources. Yunnan tea culture has a long history and culture background. To better protect and utilize the tea culture of Yunnan ethnic minorities, we analyzed specific characteristics of Yunnan unique ethnic minorities such as Hani, Dai, Bulang, Deang, Achang, Jinuo, Bai, Naxi, Nu, Pumi and Wa phenotypes in tea making, tea drinking and ancient tea tree protection, and with reference to the literatures, we conducted questionnaire survey and field investigation. Through analyzing the specific national culture development condition, we put forward the development model and strategies. Yunnan unique ethnic minorities have their specific characteristics in tea making, tea drinking and ancient tea tree protection. Through the development of culture tourism, the establishment of the theoretical system of ethnic culture and ancient tea reserves, local economic income could be increased, the outside influence could be enhanced, and both the local ecological environment and tea culture could be protected. The results showed that tea culture of Yunnan unique minorities had both unique and common characteristics. For better protection and inheritance of the rich and diversified tea culture resources, we proposed to promote both the preservation of the local ecological environment and the development of the social economy.