Abstract: The paper aims to optimize the open cultivation pepper planting distribution in winter and provide basis for policy-oriented agricultural insurance rate in Guangxi Province. With the lowest temperature of chilly or freezing injury process in winter of 1961 to 2013, the geographic information data, and the surface reflectivity data in Guangxi Province, the author used the multiple regression method of statistics, set up the scale model of the lowest temperature based on integrating geographic information and the surface reflectivity. The results showed that a database of area 250 m×250 m grid point of the lowest temperature of chilly or freezing injury process in winter of 1961 to 2013 was established. Combined with the pepper chilly or freezing injury indexes, the time-space distribution characteristics of the open cultivation pepper chilly or freezing injury in winter was revealed. In addition, different diagrams of chilly or freezing injury grade frequency of the open cultivation pepper at seedling stage and blossom and fruit bearing stage were drawn, and the chilly or freezing injury risk grades of the open cultivation pepper at blossom and fruit bearing stage were divided and evaluated.