Abstract: In order to promote the industry of fiber combination oil flax in winter in south China, 14 fertilizer treatments were set by using different fertilizer application ratios of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, two cultivars were tested under different fertilization treatments in different test points, so as to select the best implementation plan which could fit the growth of flax in Dongting Lake. Fiber combination oil flax obtained high-yield through reasonable fertilization regulation in low-lying and dry land pilot, the best performance was cultivar ‘Lunxuan-2’. In low-lying pilot, the stem yield was 7000.30 kg/hm², the seed yield was 538.90 kg/hm². In dry land pilot, the stem yield was 5520.30 kg/hm², and the seed yield was 424.96 kg/hm². For fertilization techniques, the optimal fertilization for ‘Zhongya No.2’ in the low-lying paddy field was N₂P₀K₂ (N 400 kg/hm², P₂O₅ 15 kg/hm², K₂O 125 kg/hm²), and for ‘Lunxuan-2’ was N₂P₂K₀ (N 350 kg/hm², P₂O₅ 25 kg/hm², K₂O 0). In dry land pilot, the optimal fertilization for ‘Zhongya No.2’ was N₂P₂K₀ (N 375 kg/hm², P₂O₅ 52.5 kg/hm², K₂O 0), and for ‘Lunxuan-2’ was N₂P₀K₂ (N 400 kg/hm², P₂O₅ 10 kg/hm², K₂O 150 kg/hm²).