Abstract: The paper researched the droughts monitoring index suitable for Linyi District, it evaluated the TVDI and VSWI index and structured the TVDI and VSWI vegetationSindex by using MODIS data in Linyi district from April to November in 2012. Combined with the soil moisture measured data, established the relational model between vegetation index and soil relative humidity, and evaluated the soil moisture of the research region. Compared the inversion result of several droughts monitoring indices, obtained the most suitable drought monitoring model of Linyi district. The result shows that, there is a significant relationship between kinds of drought indices and 10 ~ 20cm of soil relative humidity, 82% passed 0.01 test of significant, The correlation coefficient TVDI index 5% higher than the overall VSWI index. The TVDIEVI index 3% is higher than TVDINDVI index. VSWINDVI index is higher than VSWIEVI, with 1% minor differences.