Abstract: Using traditional chemical pesticides to disinfect soil and control crop wilt disease can kill pathogens as well as cause pesticide residues and environmental pollution, thus to find a new way to control soil-borne diseases is an urgent task. In this experiment, three different types of Brassica containing glucosinolates (mustard, red round turnip, and autumn and winter cabbage) were used to carry out biofumigation on Fusarium oxysporum soil, and taking non-Brassica spinach and chemical pesticides as CK, by pot experiments and greenhouse tests, the authors studied biofumigation inhibition on wilt, as well as its impact on quality and yield of cucumber. The results showed that the effect of mustard biofumigation on cucumber morbidity, disease index, disease prevention was 25.0%, 25.0% and 52.9%, respectively, significantly higher than that of other treatments. Under the treatment of small mosaic mustard and red round turnip fumigation, cucumber fruit vitamin C, soluble sugar and soluble solids content were significantly higher than that of the chemical pesticide treatment and non-Brassica fumigation treatment. The cucumber yield under the treatment of small mosaic mustard and red round turnip fumigation was 10.89 and 10.07 kg/m², respectively, which was 1.81 and 1.56 times as much as that of CK. Biological fumigation could significantly promote the growth of cucumber, and has certain inhibiting effect on cucumber Fusarium wilt.