Abstract: By studying NPK fertilizer effect on Chinese cabbage in field experiment, the nutrient enrichment and paucity index and fertilization system in Sanming City were built. The results showed that: the contribution rate of soil fertility to Chinese cabbage was 39.22% to 83.75%, the growth rate of Chinese cabbage was 28.50%, 5.33% and 9.05% with the application of N, P and K, and the yield-increasing effect was N>K>P. The highest index of alkali-hydrolyzable N, available P and available K of local Chinese cabbage soil was 260, 42 and 172 mg/kg, respectively; and the lowest index was 188, 12 and 66 mg/kg, respectively. The maximum application rate of N for the local Chinese cabbage was (287.71 77.50) kg/hm², the application ratio of NPK was 1:0.09:0.84; the N application amount with the best economic yield was (274.52 75.92) kg/hm², and the application ratio of NPK was 1:0.07:0.85.