Abstract: With deepening of science and technology innovation activities in the field of agriculture, agricultural research information storage, mining, analysis and sharing had faced enormous pressure. Through the deep excavation problems during the process of big data sharing and utilization for agricultural research, this paper combined practical work of sharing and use of agricultural scientific data resources and discussed on the construction and sharing mode of large data resources in agricultural research around the "deposit", "use" and "control" three aspects a global, systematic perspective from global, systematic perspective of big data in agriculture research. Due to large dispersion characteristics of agricultural research information, we designed the big data saving and management institutions structure which changed the traditional secondary data exchange mode of "data unit- data unit" to the third data management mode of “data unit-data storage management mechanism -data unit”. In the structure, we should build some data services platform to provide some kinds of data service, such as data provide services, data analytical services, data mining services, data extension services, and so on. To build data services platform, we could explore the practice mode that included pilot first, step on step, system design discussion, and construction services parallel to ensure data service quality. At the same time, we should focus on institutional building and construct to achieve integration mode which could build orderly top-level cooperation mode of different data platform. Based on these mechanisms that would be built, some construction standards which covered various fields and different themes should be built and all data would be updated dynamically in order to achieve the network information system intercommunication, resource sharing and information exchange. At last, we proposed some advices to enhance sharing and use of large data resources in agricultural research.