Abstract: The research aims to provide a theoretical basis for efficient production of maize in Guizhou. To explore the suitable cultivation method for high and stable yield of maize in Guizhou, 6 different cultivation methods were studied by field experiments, and the effects of 6 different cultivation methods on leaf area index, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, photosynthetic rate and final grain yield of maize were analyzed. The results showed that: compared with the control, straw mulching and plastic film mulching could increase leaf area index and net photosynthetic rate, the photosynthetic rate reached the peak at the tasseling stage, and thus significantly increased maize production. In the milky ripe stage, the light saturation point of different treatments was higher than that of tasseling stage, that of transplant treatment was significantly higher than that of the direct seeding, reached a significant level of difference; theLSP ,LCP ,AQE and A max of plastic film mulching transplant were significantly increased, the increase of apparent quantum efficiency raised the net photosynthetic rate, delayed the aging, improved the light compensation point and increased the final yield, and plastic film mulching transplant treatment had the highest final yield, compared with the conventional direct seeding, increased by 20.5% ; there was no significant difference between straw mulching and conventional control. There was a significant correlation between grain yield and grain number, ear row number, 100 grain weight and ear length. In general, plastic film mulching transplant was beneficial to improving the photosynthetic characteristics and grain yield of maize, which was a kind of cultivation method suitable for Guizhou.