Abstract: To study soil nutrient and environmental factors affecting kiwifruit chlorosis, we took root soil of normal and chlorosis kiwifruit trees as the experimental material, adopted three-dimensional soil sampling, t test and principal component analysis to study the variation of soil organic matter, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium and pH value. The results showed that for the etiolated kiwifruit tree, the distribution of soil organic matter was much more in center and shallow location to the tree than that in distant and deep location to the tree, while the organic matter distribution in root soil of normal kiwifruit tree was uniform; soil organic matter content in normal kiwifruit orchard was higher than that in orchard with chlorosis, up to 0.01 significant level. The rapidly available potassium in root soil of chlorosis kiwifruit tree was higher than that of normal tree, and the difference reached extremely significant level, potassium might be antagonistic on iron absorption of kiwifruit, and induce chlorosis. Other nutrients and factors, such as nitrogen, phosphorus and pH value, had no significant difference (＜0.05) between the root soil of normal and chlorosis kiwifruit. The results of principal component analysis of soil factors showed that soil organic matter, nitrogen, available potassium were the main components affecting chlorosis, the cumulative percentage was 90.89%, among which the greatest impact was from soil organic matter, accounted for 52.96%. Therefore, increasing soil organic matter and extensive application of decomposed organic fertilizer was an important way to prevent chlorosis of kiwifruit.