Abstract: The study aims to widen genetic basis of Brassica napus and the solve problem of early mature germplasm shortage in breeding. 10 early mature rapeseed germplasms, named D1-D10, were obtained from Brassica napus (2n=4x=AACC=38) hybridized with vegetables of Brassica campestris (2n=2x=AA=18), such as Chinese-cabbage, No-heading Chinese-cabbage and purple Tsai-tai by pedigree method for 10 years. These new gemplasms matured 2.5-9.5 days earlier than CK, accorded with the national quality standards designed for rapeseed and had distinguished agronomic characters. The cross combination of the 10 new germplasms not only had earlier maturity but also had higher yield 1 time more than that of the cross combination of the old germplasms, because these new germplasms had A chromosome genetic background of Brassica campestris.