Abstract: To clarify the effect of fertilizer application and branch thinning on yield and agronomic traits of fresh-eaten broad bean under black plastic mulching cultivation, a field experiment was carried out at Yuhang, Hangzhou in Zhejiang Province during 2015 to 2016. A large size broad bean cultivar‘Cican 1’was used in this test. Two factors of fertilizer and branch thinning were analyzed in this experiment. The results showed that the yield was decreased by branch thinning treatment under lower fertilizer level, but the yield was increased by branch thinning treatment with the increase of fertilizer level. Branch thinning treatment could improve the commercial nature of broad bean. It was suggested that branch thinning should be done under higher fertilizer level, and should not be done under lower fertilizer level. Considering saving cost, under proper planting density and fertilizer application, high yield could also be realized without branch thinning. Consider of improving commodity, branch thinning treatment could increase the proportion of the 3 seed pods. In the experiment, under the condition of black plastic mulching cultivation and planting density of 27000 plants/hm2, the highest yields of broad bean was 17787.70 kg/hm2 with base fertilizer of compound fertilizer 450 kg, calcium magnesium phosphate 450 kg and topdressing of compound fertilizer 225 kg, potassium sulfate 15 kg every hectare and branch thinning, and the yield achieved 17692.40 kg/hm2 with base fertilizer of compound fertilizer 450 kg, calcium magnesium phosphate 450 kg and topdressing of urea 75 kg, potassium sulfate 15 kg every hectare and without branch thinning, there was no significant difference between the two treatments.