Abstract: To evaluate the flue-cured tobacco production capacity and market competitiveness in Sichuan Province, and find the main factors affecting flue-cured tobacco production efficiency, super efficiency DEA model was used to analyze the flue-cured tobacco production efficiency in Sichuan from 2008 to 2014. At the same time, a comparative analysis of production efficiency was conducted between Sichuan and other eightmajor flue-cured tobacco producing provinces in China. The results showed that the overall tobacco production of Sichuan was not DEA efficient, and the scale efficiency significantly restricted the improvement of comprehensive efficiency. The surplus of land and labor cost was large and the yield of cash yield was not enough. Farmers had no interest. At the provincial level, the efficiency of flue-cured tobacco production in Gansu, Heilongjiang and Chongqing was more prominent, it reached the production frontier and the production was relatively stable. Sichuan was in the fourth place and had comparative advantage in the comparative areas. It is suggested to improve the flue-cured tobacco production efficiency and ensure the interests of tobacco growers by optimizing the scale, resources and benefit distribution of flue-cured tobacco planting, innovating and driving the research and development of flue-cured tobacco production technology and mobilizing the enthusiasm of farmers.