Abstract: The research advances of ornamental germplasm resources of Clematis in China, including surveys and evaluation of gemplasm, introduction, cultivation, propagation, cellular and molecular studies, breeding, and so on were summaried. It was proposed that the next research should be focused on collection, protection and evaluation of ornamental germplasm resources of Clematis, new varieties breeding, key technologies of industrialization, and so on. The new varieties breeding should be focused on especially: on the one hand, wild germplasm resources of Clematis in China in good growth performance should be selected to develop directly; on the other hand, according to the landscape application and market demand, we should breed new varieties of Clematis with independent intellectual property rights that have properties of cultivation adaptability, stress resistance and ornamental by breeding ways of conventional hybridization and mutagenesis and marker assisted breeding extensively.