Current issue

• 2017 Vol.33 No.21 Published:27 July 2017

  Thiacloprid Seed Dressing: The Physiological Effect on Seed and Seedling Growth of Wheat Bu Chengcheng,Jiang Xingyin,Lu Yong,Li Gang,Xing Zesen,Zhang Jiwang and Wang Zhenlin 2017, 33 (21):  1-6.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17040094 Abstract + ( 1033 )   PDF ( 746KB )   ( 351 ) The paper aims to study the effects of thiacloprid seed dressing on the seed activity and the seedling growth of wheat. Through the plating method in incubator and field plot experiment , the Effects of Thiacloprid seed dressing on the seed activity and the seedling growth of wheat were studied. Comparing with the contrast, 24g/10kg ratio seed coating agent made the corn germination rate, germination index and vigor index increased by 4.49%,38.75% and 66.23% respectively, corn seedling plant height decrease by1.8cm, root length, fresh weight per plant, and root-shoot ratio were increased by 3.85 cm, 0.09 g, and 0.2,Thiacloprid seed dressing can increase thewheat seedling’s chlorophyll content, the root activity, activity of POD 、SOD and CAT enzyme. Thiacloprid seed dressing can promote seed germination and seedling growth of wheat obviously.

  Ecological Suitability Evaluation and Planting Division of Wheat in Shangnan under GIS Support Yuan Yuan,Hu Bo,Lei Lei and Chang Qingrui 2017, 33 (21):  7-14.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16080010 Abstract + ( 1090 )   PDF ( 3048KB )   ( 464 ) Abstract: Wheat is an important food crop in Shangnan county of Shaanxi province. Therefore wheat planting with reasonable area distribution is very meaningful to wheat growing and optimization of regional layout. In order to do the ecological suitability assessment of wheat planting in Shangnan.GIS technology, county cultivated land resources management information system and analytic hierarchy process are utilized. By using the expert experience method of screening evaluation indexes of ecological factors, Shangnan wheat ecological suitability evaluation index system are successfully established. Application of analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy evaluation method to the quantitative calculation of index weight, as well as the geographic information system software ArcGIS9.3 superposition analysis function can lead to the Shangnan wheat ecological suitability assessment. Results show that the highly suitable area and appropriate area for wheat farmland is 8323.97 hm2, accounting for 33.50% .And 10557.46 hm2, accounting for 42.49% of the arable land area, respectively. These two types of cultivated land is mainly distributed in the area of shallow mountain and hilly terrain, accounting for more than 75% of the total arable land area, is the main part of cultivated land in Shangnan. At the same time, the rest of the cultivated land in this area are mainly distributed in zhongshan landscape area, including barely suitable for wheat and not suitable for farming land, that is 4423.41 hm2 and 1543.43 hm2, only accounting for 17.80% and 6.21% of the total area of arable land, respectively. The local ecological fitness distribution regularity and spatial distribution are therefore summarized and planned through the statistics and analysis on Shangnan wheat planting environment. Thus providing a scientific basis for rational layout and planning in Shangnan during wheat or similar crop planting management.

  Row Spacing Allocation: Effect on Stem Lodging Resistance and Photosynthetic Properties of Maize Deng Yan,Wang Chuangyun,Zhao Li,Zhang Liguang,Guo Hongxia,Niu Xueqian and Wang Lujun 2017, 33 (21):  15-20.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17040091 Abstract + ( 1002 )   PDF ( 650KB )   ( 493 ) To explore the effect of different row spacings on stem lodging resistance and photosynthetic properties of maize, figure out the optimum row spacing of spring maize in Shanxi province, field experiment was carried out in 2015 in DongYang test base of Shanxi province agricultural science court. ‘Dafeng 30’ was used as material, four row spacings, the wide row spacing(80 cm), the narrow row spacing(40 cm), the wide-narrow row spacing (80 40cm), and the equal row spacing(60 cm) were set and the responses of stem lodging resistance, LAI, photosynthesis parameter and yield to different row spacings were analysed. The results showed that the wide row spacing(80 cm) and the wide-narrow row spacing (80 40cm) decreased the plant height, ear height and ear height coefficient, increased different internodes stalks hardback rind penetration strength and stem bending capacity at male stage and filling stage, and increased LAI, leaf photosynthesis rate and transpiration rate, and increased ear length, ear row number, numbers of rows and hundred kernel weight compared with the narrow row spacing(40 cm) and the equal row spacing(60 cm). And the yield was increased 17% and 9% respectively under the wide-narrow row spacing (80 40 cm) and the wide row spacing(80 cm) compared with the narrow row spacing(40 cm) and the equal row spacing(60 cm), especially the wide-narrow row spacing (80 40 cm). In addition, the yield was significantly correlated with LAI, leaf photosynthesis rate and transpiration rate from male stage to mature. Therefore, the wide-narrow row spacing (80 40 cm) was beneficial to increase stem lodging resistance capacity, improve photosynthesis, optimize components of maize yield, increase the yield and can provide basis of technology for maize planting in Shanxi province.

  The Synergistic Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Mannans by Mannanases Wang Yao,Wang Ruiqi,Na Jin,Guo Shangxu and Zhao Dan 2017, 33 (21):  21-26.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16110041 Abstract + ( 1222 )   PDF ( 613KB )   ( 622 ) Mannan is an important polysaccharide found in softwoods. Mannans from various sources display large differences in composition, structure and complexity. To hydrolysis mannans into monomer sugars requires a number of enzymes like mannanases, mannosidases and galactosidases working in synergy, but several studies have investigated the effect of the two or three. In order to explore the mechanism of mannanase synergistic hydrolysis of mannan, this paper stated mannans’ sources and its structure firstly. Then the sources, species, action mode of mannanase and product type were summarzied, especially the high efficiency of the synergistic enzymatic hydrolysis of mannans by mannanase. Finally, this paper prospected the research direction of process and mechanism of mannanase’s synergistic reaction, and provided the basis for the development and utilization of mannanase.

  Yunnan Paris polyphylla: Effects of Endogenous Hormones on Growth and Development of Root Stem Gu Jin,Li Wenchun,Yan Juan,Wu Mei,Li Weijiao,Li Qiaolin and Xu Furong 2017, 33 (21):  27-32.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17030119 Abstract + ( 863 )   PDF ( 609KB )   ( 457 ) Yunnan paris polyphylla growth slowly, it is conducted to study the regulation of the endogenous hormones on growth of Yunnan paris polyphylla. 2 years old and 4 years old and 6 years old of Yunnan paris polyphylla with bud root were collected, the liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method for the determination of IAA and ABA content in different developmental stages of Yunnan paris polyphylla. The change of the content of IAA in different years in Yunnan paris polyphylla rhizome and bud, have reached a high value in the seedling stage, and in the roots, germination and growth period is 4 years old and 6 years old and 2 years old was higher than. The content of ABA in rhizome tip (bud) was highest in different years, while in the middle of rhizome, ABA content was the highest in 2 years, the growth period was the highest in the year of 4 years and the highest in the 6 years. Except for the seedling stage, the ABA content in different developmental stages was significantly different in different years. Auxin binding changes in Yunnan paris polyphylla from fourth or fifth years, growth into Washings; according to daily growth rates, ABA to promote rhizome swelling.

  The Quantity of Vegetable Waste in Tianjin: A Preliminary Investigation He Zongjun,Liang Haitian and Li Feng 2017, 33 (21):  33-37.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16110084 Abstract + ( 613 )   PDF ( 483KB )   ( 259 ) The paper aims to master the quantity of vegetable waste and the feasibility of resource utilization in Tianjin. We determined the average quantity and nutrient content of the waste of cucumber, tomato, eggplant, cauliflower and other vegetables based on the planting area. The results showed that: the average quantity of vegetable waste was as follows: cucumber (64.62 t/hm2), tomato (34.76 t/hm2), eggplant (29.14 t/hm2), cauliflower (41.03 t/hm2), and other vegetables (38.61 t/hm2); the average quantity of vegetable waste was 41.63 t/hm2, the annual output of vegetable waste was 4.163 million tons based on 100 thousand hm2 of the annual multiple cropping area of vegetables in Tianjin. The measurement of nutrients content showed that: the total nutrient of N, P, K was between 4.07%- 7.65% , and the content of heavy metals was far lower than the agriculture industry standard of organic fertilizer. The results indicated that: the vegetable waste was a kind of organic fertilizer with rich resources, adequate nutrient and innocuity.

  Effects of CO2 Capture Agent on Photosynthesis, Water Use Efficiency and Mineral Nutrition of Protected Cowpea Yin Changqing and Fei Liangjun 2017, 33 (21):  38-44.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16070013 Abstract + ( 687 )   PDF ( 719KB )   ( 309 ) Abstract: In order to seek the effects of CO2 capture agent on photosynthesis, water use efficiency and mineral nutrition of cowpea in greenhouse, analyzed the response of every growth index of cowpea on different treatments based on ‘cowpea 28-2’. There were four treatments, CK no fertilizer, T1 applied organic fertilizer, T2 organic inorganic fertilizer (N 176.3 kg/hm2 P2O5 68.1 kg/hm2 K2O 144 kg/hm2), T3 applied organic fertilizer before planting and “Photo-carbon Fertilizer” during the growth period of cowpea. The result indicated that “Photo-carbon Fertilizer” could capture free CO2 in the atmosphere around the stem, the growth of cowpea better, photosynthesis increased significantly and photosynthetic noon break disappeared, Cond dropped and leaf boundary resistance increased while transpiration rate decreased, at the same time, leaf water use efficiency was increased by 20% than CK, significantly (P<0.05). Leaf temperature rose and activated blade internal enzyme systems activity, through measuring, the enzyme activity of POD and SOD increased by 11.6%-34.5%, 11.6%-19.3% while chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, chlorophyll (a b) and chlorophyll (a/b) decreased by 4.3%, 2.76%, 4.3% and 0.6% than CK respectively, but the difference was not significant. The content of N, P, K, Ca and Mg decreased by 27.6%, 35.7%, 54%, 1.9%, 6.18% than CK. The comprehensive analysis of every index indicate it is significant for “Photo-carbon Fertilizer” to promote the facilities of cowpea growth, improve water use efficiency and quality improvement.

  Effects of Integrated Zizania latifolia-duck Farming on Yield and Quality of Zizania latifolia Wang Guiliang,Zhu Lingyu,Zhang Jiahong,Han Guangming,Wang Shouhong,Kou Xiangming,Bi Jianhua,Xu Rong,Tang Hejun and Yang Jianchun 2017, 33 (21):  45-52.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16100014 Abstract + ( 660 )   PDF ( 826KB )   ( 401 ) [Objective] In order to provide some references for optimum duck stocking density in Zizania latifolia-duck farming, [Method] The biological properties, yield and quality of Zizania latifolia in Zizania latifolia-duck farmings with different duck stocking density were studied, taking monoculture Zizania latifolia as the control. [Result] The results showed that Zizania latifolia-duck farming had no significant effect on Zizania latifolia plant height, while increased leaf number and dry weight significantly, and delayed Zizania latifolia senescence late crops. When duck stocking density increased from 375 to 450 per hectare, Zizania latifolia senescence late crops was been accelerated. The average yield of Zizania latifolia-duck farmings was 26.31% higher than that of monoculture Zizania latifolia. When duck stocking density increased from 375 to 450 per hectare, the yield did not increase anymore. Zizania latifolia-duck farming significantly increased tiller number, percentage of swelling culms, Zizania latifolia N harvest index, N uptake efficiency and soil organic matter, available PK content after harvest. There were significant positive correlations between soil organic matter content and protein, vitamin C, amino acid of Zizania latifolia. There were significant negative correlations between soil available PK and nitrate content of Zizania latifolia. About 4500 m3 eutrophic water from culture pond was used for irrigating one hectare of Zizania latifolia-duck farming, and it inputted N, P, K equaled the NPK content of 99.75 kg urea, 38.25 kg superphosphate and 83.55 kg potassium chlorid. The optimum duck stocking density was 375 ducks per hectare in Zizania latifolia-duck farming under this experiment condition with conventional planting density of 27795 Zizania latifolia per hectare.

  Comprehensive Evaluation of Different Planting Densities in Korla Fragrant Pear Orchard Niu Yingying,Liao Kang,Zhao Shirong,Pang Hongxiang,Xu Guixiang and Jiang Zhenbin 2017, 33 (21):  53-59.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16070010 Abstract + ( 795 )   PDF ( 602KB )   ( 382 ) The aim of the study is to understand the differences of canopy structure, yield and quality of Korla fragrant pear under different planting densities, and provide theoretical references for the selection of appropriate planting density. The tree body structure, orchard population structure, yield and quality of several different planting densities of Korla fragrant pear were investigated. And orchard population structure and fruit quality were analyzed and evaluated by using principal component analysis method. The index of different planting densities of eight population structures was simplified as four indicators: tree height, crown height, crown width and length of new shoot, which could reflect the major information of population structure of different planting densities orchard. The components as fruit quality, fruit weight, fruit shape index, hue angle, soluble solid content in eight components were important factors to decide the quality of fruit. The overall score of the orchard group decreased with the decrease of density; the fruit quality of 5.0 m× 6.0 m was the best and the yield was relatively high; the fruit quality of 2.5 m× 7.0 m was poor but the yield was high. Comprehensive evaluation showed that the fruit quality of 5.0 m× 6.0 m was the best, the yield was in the moderate level, and the population structure was reasonable, which was the suitable planting density.

  Yellow Peach Variety ‘Jinxiu’: Effect of Sparse Planting and Large Crown Cultivation Huang Xinzhong,Zeng Shaomin,Zhang Changhe and Chen Xiaoming 2017, 33 (21):  60-64.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17040078 Abstract + ( 625 )   PDF ( 713KB )   ( 279 ) The paper aims to resolve the early closing of crop of yellow peach variety ‘Jinxiu’ in damp-heat producing areas. In the study, the cultivation model of sparse planting and large crown on the yellow peach variety ‘Jinxiu’ was tested, and the model of normal planting density was used as treatment. The result showed that the model of sparse planting and large crown was more beneficial to mitigate the growth vigor than normal model. The new model also improved the crown structure of all the peach trees in orchard. The yield and exterior fruit qualities of new model at full fruit period were significantly higher than that of normal model. The yields in unit area in the 6th, 7th and the total 7 years increased 17.94%, 28.32% and 6.19%, respectively. From 5th to 7th year, the weight per fruit increased 7.7, 6.6 and 5.9 g, and the rate of big fruit over 200 g increased 6.35%, 8.71% and 5.67%. It was suitable to use the model of sparse planting and large crown with (5-6 m)× (5-6 m) in warm and humid region.

  Biological-organic Fertilizer Experimentation on Elaeagnus conferta Roxb Zhang Lina,Wang Ying,Nie Yundong,He Yuping and Yang Qiongcong 2017, 33 (21):  65-68.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16080041 Abstract + ( 885 )   PDF ( 507KB )   ( 537 ) Experiment was explore the effects of the production of biological-organic Fertilizer treatments on Elaeagnus conferta Roxb,We conducted the experiment to study the application effects of Elaeagnus conferta Roxb growth and soil nutrient content under Bio-organic fertilizer treaments for 1 years,Results showed that,compared with the other treatments,improved the content of the soil nutrient and chlorophyll on Elaeagnus conferta Roxb,and crop yield,soluble solids) ,it has obtious advantage.The results provided theoretical guideline for application of biological-organic Fertilizer

  NPK Fertilizer Effect of Mesona chinens on Different Fertility Soils Wei Tianjin 2017, 33 (21):  69-74.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17040081 Abstract + ( 749 )   PDF ( 484KB )   ( 263 ) Application of "3414" test design scheme of the soil under different fertility levels of NPK fertilizer effect of field experiment. The results show that the high level of soil fertility, application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer materials and deficiency area compared with the average increase yield was N > K > P, N the best effect, the increase rate of 21.1%; Soil fertility, low level of application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer materials compared with deficiency area average yield effect of K > N > P, K application effect is best, increase rate of 25.1%, 26.0% respectively. Economic high fertility soils, this product NPK fertilizer use for for N, P2O5 5.67 13.08 kg / 667 m2 of 667 kg K2O / 667 m2 and 13.76 kg/m2, best ratio of the three elements was 1:0.43:1.05, this product NPK economic fertilizer rate for N, P2O5 12.76 kg / 667 m2 of 5.87 kg K2O / 667 m2 and 15.49 kg / 667 m2, the three elements of the best ratio was 1:0.46:1.21, more K fertilizer; In low fertility soils, this product NPK economic fertilizer rate for N, P2O5 12.58 kg / 667 m2 of 6.11 kg K2O / 667 m2 and 15.76 kg / 667 m2, the three elements of the best ratio was 1:0.49:1.26, less amount of nitrogen and potassium application.

  Research Advances of Ornamental Germplasm Resources of Clematis in China Qian Renjuan,Zheng Jian,Hu Qingdi,Ma Xiaohua and Zhang Xule 2017, 33 (21):  75-81.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17040069 Abstract + ( 660 )   PDF ( 581KB )   ( 558 ) The research advances of ornamental germplasm resources of Clematis in China, including surveys and evaluation of gemplasm, introduction, cultivation, propagation, cellular and molecular studies, breeding, and so on were summaried. It was proposed that the next research should be focused on collection, protection and evaluation of ornamental germplasm resources of Clematis, new varieties breeding, key technologies of industrialization, and so on. The new varieties breeding should be focused on especially: on the one hand, wild germplasm resources of Clematis in China in good growth performance should be selected to develop directly; on the other hand, according to the landscape application and market demand, we should breed new varieties of Clematis with independent intellectual property rights that have properties of cultivation adaptability, stress resistance and ornamental by breeding ways of conventional hybridization and mutagenesis and marker assisted breeding extensively.

  Construction Land Scale Prediction Based on Principal Component-BP Neural Network:A Case Study of Lianyungang Wang Dan,Yang Xiaoyan,Zheng Jian,Chen Longgao and Gao Weidong 2017, 33 (21):  82-88.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16090040 Abstract + ( 1278 )   PDF ( 580KB )   ( 403 ) Construction land is an important factor in the process of the urban development. Prediction of the construction land scale can provide reference data and technical support for general land use planning. This research collected the sociol and economic data from 2004 to 2013 which influenced the construction land scale of Lianyungang, and applied the principal component-BP neural network model to predict the scale of construction land in Lianyungang from 2014 to 2020, then obtained seven years’ prediction results of the scale of construction land in Lianyungang city. The following results can be concluded from the research: (1) The principal component analysis results show that the development of social economy, the changes of population and infrastructure, the improvement of the environment mainly contributed to influencing the scale of Lianyungang construction land from different aspects. (2) The error rate of the BP neural network model built in this research was low and its imitative effect was good, in addition, the model also had good generalization ability to the new sample data from outside of the training sets, which illustrated that the model was credible, so it could be applied to predict the construction land of the future. (3) The construction land scale of Lianyungang showed expansion trend from 2014 to 2020, the average annual growth rate was zero point seven nine percent, the growth rate was relatively fast, which may lead to many social problems. So effective measures should be taken to control the scale of the construction land of Lianyungang and protect arable land legitimately, making the growth of construction land area controlled in a reasonable range. Principal component-BP neural network model can not only comprehensively analyse the influencing factors of the construction land scale, it also can get high precision prediction data of construction land scale. As a result, this model should be well applied to construction land scale prediction.

  Design and Application of Multi-channel Water Quality Monitor Liu Xian,Lin Yingzhi,Chen Min and Li Chuanhui 2017, 33 (21):  89-94.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17030016 Abstract + ( 575 )   PDF ( 1720KB )   ( 319 ) This paper developed a set of water quality monitor of multi parameter and multi-channel parallel for fish breeding base of Fuqing modern agricultural demonstration garden of Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences. It realized water quality data query, automatic monitoring, manual control, parameter calibration, password settings, alarm monitoring, data recording, restore factory configuration and other functions. The instrument operated stably and convenient and had a friendly man-machine interface after putting into use, can satisfy multi parameter, real-time and parallel of data acquisition in aquaculture and had characteristics of real-time, reliability and high efficiency.

  Pesticide Sewage Treated by Iron Carbon Microelectrolysis Li Yuanci,Shi Meirong and Li Xiaohua 2017, 33 (21):  95-100.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17040063 Abstract + ( 549 )   PDF ( 1345KB )   ( 338 ) Objective: The iron-carbon micro-electrolysis was prepared to treat the pesticide sewage and the process was optimized. Methods: Preparing the iron-carbon micro-electrolysis under condition of different Fe/C mass ratio、pH and the reaction time to perform single factor experiment. On the basis of single-factor test the three factors of Box-Benhnken experimental design was determined to optimize the processing condition. Results: The optimization analysis shown that the optimal process parameters were as follows: the Fe/C mass ratio was 1:1, pH was 3, reaction times was 1.5h the extraction removal rate of COD was 738%,the relative removal rate of COD the relative standard deviation was 0.11%. Conclusion: The iron-carbon micro-electrolysis method is operation,low in cost and energy efficient which is a good method to treat the pesticide sewage.

  Continuous Cropping Obstacle Repair by Bio-control Bacterium Yin Jizhong and Cai Baiyan 2017, 33 (21):  101-107.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16090112 Abstract + ( 748 )   PDF ( 591KB )   ( 302 ) Continuous cropping obstacle has encountered a prominent problem in the process of modern agricultural development.In alleviating continuous cropping obstacle of the method,using bio-control bacteria microbial inoculum to solve this difficult problem for biological control has gradually taken seriously by people. Antagonistic bacterium extremely possesses potential of disease prevention and has the value of the application,which can increase crop yield and improve disease resistance of the plant.The author introduces three main factors cause of the continuous cropping obstacle to come into being in detail: soil borne disease severity increased, soil physical and chemical properties of degradation and toxic substances of crops produced. Describing the bio-control bacteria has repaired continuous cropping soil.From the multiple perspectives analyzing how to control soil borne disease, improve soil physical and chemical properties and relieve the continuous cropping obstacle,to discuss the bio-control bacteria agent in the ways of the potential of continuous cropping obstacle,to offer a new way that solve the problem of continuous cropping obstacle for people and to provide the reference to the popularizing of anti bacterial inoculant.

  Characteristics of Soil Fauna Communities Structure of Soil Contaminated by Heavy Metals with Different Remediation Treatments Huang Hongying,Liu Jinghua,Wang Fugang and Li Dong 2017, 33 (21):  108-113.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17030075 Abstract + ( 648 )   PDF ( 534KB )   ( 368 ) The objective is to explore the ecology changes of repaired soil which is polluted by heavy metals. Follow-up studies on the structure of fauna communities in soil after different remediation treatments were conducted with Tullgren method during December 2014 to December 2015. The results showed that certain soil animals were inhibited for survival because of the contamination, which resulted in a sharp decline of individual number and class group number. When contaminated water source was eliminated, the number of individual and class group of soil animals increased after plant roots’repairing, and the remediation effects on normal soil fauna communities such as Acarina, Thysanura, Nematoda were obvious. It indicated that when the contaminated water source was eliminated, in soil contaminated by heavy metals, the artificial cultivated repairing plants not only improved the soil physical properties, but also repaired the soil fauna.

  Effect of Climate Change on Peanut Production in China: Research Progress Zhao Rui,Xu Hanqing,Fan Dongli and Tian Zhan 2017, 33 (21):  114-117.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16080131 Abstract + ( 884 )   PDF ( 467KB )   ( 668 ) As China’s main oil crop, peanut plays a very important role in the guarantee of the national grain and oil security. Under the future climate change, agricultural climate resource status change has a significant impact on peanut production. In order to study how to effectively take advantage of superior climate resources brought by climate change to increase peanut yield, improve peanut quality, optimize cropping system. The author reviewed research about the impacts of climate change on peanut production in recent years, found that: the lacks of the yield forecasts, the quality improvement and the cropping system changes of peanut caused by climate change existed. The crop growth models need to be strengthened in multiple climate models, large region scales, peanut breeding and comparative advantages in the future for pointing out the direction of further research on climate change impacts on China’s peanut production.

  The Impact of Urbanization on Extreme Air Temperature in Nanjing Huang Rong,Gong Nianzu,Liu Huawei,Hu Shanshan,Duan Chunfeng and Li Xuan 2017, 33 (21):  118-125.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17030046 Abstract + ( 735 )   PDF ( 604KB )   ( 432 ) The paper aims to scientifically understand the impact of urbanization on the extreme air temperatures. Based on the observed daily maximum air temperatures and minimum air temperatures at three urban stations and three rural stations in Nanjing during the period of 1961 to 2005, the average values and change trends of 17 extreme temperature indices for urban and rural stations were analyzed. The impact and contribution of urbanization on the variation trends of extreme temperature indices were also estimated. Results showed that warm events increased, while cold events decreased in Nanjing during 1961 to 2005. However, compared to rural stations, there were more warm events and less cold events for urban stations. Extreme value indices and mean value indices both exhibited increasing trend, and were larger at urban stations than that at rural stations. Impact of urbanization on the variation trends of extreme temperatures showed two characteristics. On one hand, urbanization accelerated the change rates of extreme temperature indices. The increasing rates of warm events, extreme value indices and mean value indices and the decreasing rates of cold events were both improved due to the urbanization. On the other hand, the trends of indices based on daily minimum temperature were more significant than that based on daily maximum air temperature. The contribution of urbanization on change trends was larger for warm events than that for cold events, and larger for extreme value indices and mean value indices of minimum air temperature than that for extreme value indices and mean value indices of maximum air temperature.

  Precipitation in Shaanxi: Characteristics and Influences on Drought and Flood Zhang Liyan,Yang Dong,Xue Shuangyi and Yang Xue 2017, 33 (21):  126-133.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16080141 Abstract + ( 697 )   PDF ( 1526KB )   ( 496 ) To analyze the characteristics of precipitation and their influences on drought and flood in Shaanxi, according to the precipitation data from 18 meteorological stations in recent 53 years, we calculated the Z index of each meteorological station and regional drought and flood index, and then analyzed the temporal and spatial variations and the frequency of drought and flood of precipitation from 1961 to 2013 by utilizing the methods of climate tendency rate, Mann-Kendall mutation test and inverse distance weighted interpolation. The results showed that: the annual precipitation in Shaanxi had a decreasing trend on the whole and developed by the decrease-increase-decrease-increase pattern; with the change of seasons, the largest increase occurred in summer at a rate of 35.44 mm/10 a, precipitation in autumn decreased at a rate of 58.71 mm/10 a; due to its geographical location, land and sea distance and other factors, the spatial distribution of precipitation decreased successively in southern Shaanxi, Guanzhong and northern Shaanxi. According to the statistics of Z index, the flood frequency was greater than the drought frequency, but the flood intensity was weaker than that of drought. Drought occurred in four seasons and was most serious in winter, the flood frequency showed an increasing trend from north to south in Shaanxi, the distribution of drought was uneven and it was opposite to the spatial distribution of precipitation. This study lays a foundation for providing prevention measures to drought and flood disasters in Shaanxi.

  Recognition of Cucumber Leaf Powdery Mildew Based on Machine Vision Zhang Peng,Zhu Yuqiang,Wang Lili and Zhou Shengjun 2017, 33 (21):  134-137.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16090110 Abstract + ( 742 )   PDF ( 517KB )   ( 323 ) The determination of the degree of cucumber leaf powdery mildew is of great significance for taking measure to protect the disease. In the study, leaf scab was identified effectively by the machine vision technology, as characteristic parameters, white spot area ratio, average white spot area and white spot coverage were presented based on the scale and area distribution of the scab. The level of leaf disease was quantitative analyzed with the three of characteristic parameters, and the pattern classification of leaf powdery mildew situation was accomplished by the artificial neural network. The correct recognition rate of the four classes white spot leaf was 88%, 91%, 92%, 94%, respectively.

  Development and Reproduction of Callosobruchus chinensis in Different Kinds of Beans Hao Shijun,Fan Jianfeng,Wang Yeqiong,Fu Shenggui and Zhang Lixiang 2017, 33 (21):  138-141.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16120063 Abstract + ( 693 )   PDF ( 452KB )   ( 283 ) Provide theoretical support for the comprehensive control Callosobruchus chinensis, the influence of six kinds of beans to the development and reproduction of C. chinensis was studied in laboratory under the temperature of 28±2℃. The results showed that the larvae of C. chinensis only could feed on the Vigna radiate, Vigna angularis and Glycine max. The developmental period of C. chinensis from egg to adult (immature stage) on the three kinds of beans were 26.50、29.90 and 52.00 days successively. The survival rates on V. radiate, V. angularis and G. max were 52.11%、56.45% and 1.60% respectively. These adults oviposition period on different bean species no significant difference(p >0.05). But the female adult spawning quantity differences in different bean species (P<0.05). Comprehensive test results, the development and breeding of C. chinensis significantly influenced by bean species.

  Construction of Chicken IL-2 Recombinant Baculovirus and Its Histopathological Study Ge Jingping,Bai Chengle,Gao Dongni,Shen Yan,Yu Hang and Ping Wenxiang 2017, 33 (21):  142-148.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16070032 Abstract + ( 723 )   PDF ( 1637KB )   ( 228 ) To investigate the effect of chicken interleukin-2 (IL-2) recombinant baculovirus (BV-LMI-IL-2) on chicken visceral organs and provide scientific basis for developing newcastle disease (ND) vaccines, IL-2 was taken as the immune stimulating factor. The gene encoding IL-2 was inserted to the baculovirus transfer vector pLMI, thus BV-LMI-IL-2 was obtained. Finally BV-LMI-IL-2 and ND antigen vaccine BV-LMI-F were used to conduct independent and combined immunization. At the same time, pathological changes in organs including glandular stomach, liver, heart and duodenum were observed. Immune and challenge experiment showed that the protection rate of combined immunization of BV-LMI-IL- 2 with BV-LMI-F increased by 12.5%. This indicated that BV-LMI-IL-2 could enhance the immune function and be used as an immune enhancer. The chicken in the control group and immune group were dissected. Observation of diseased organs and histopathologic slide showed that organs in combined immunization group were without obvious pathological changes. It was proved that the chicken IL- 2 recombinant baculovirus improved the immune protective effect on chicken organs.

  Distribution and Differential Expression of Apol8 in Mouse Normal Hatched Blastocysts and Dormant Embryos Before and After Cryopreservation Wang Lihong,Guo Yong,Zhai Chundong,Lu Wenjin,Liu Di,Yang Jian,Wang Xiangguo,Sheng Xihui,Qi Xiaolong and Ni Hemin 2017, 33 (21):  149-153.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17030120 Abstract + ( 1483 )   PDF ( 675KB )   ( 317 ) This study aimed to investigate the distribution and differential expression of Apol8 protein in both mouse normal hatched blastocysts and dormant embryos before and after cryopreservation. The normal hatched blastocysts were obtained by superovulation, and the dormant embryos were collected from mice with delayed implantation. Confocal microscopy and western blot were applied to detect the distribution and differential expression of Apol8 among different groups. The results showed that Apol8, as an antifreeze protein, was expressed in mouse normal hatched blastocysts and dormant embryos before and after cryopreservation. The expression of Apol8 in normal hatched blastocysts after cryopreservation was 1.2 times that before cryopreservation (P＜0.01). The expression of Apol8 in dormant embryo after cryopreservation was 2.0 times that before cryopreservation (P＜0.01). The expression of Apol8 in dormant embryo after cryopreservation was 1.25 times that in normal hatched blastocyst after cryopreservation (P＜0.01). The expression level of Apol8 in dormant embryo was significantly higher than that of normal hatched blastocysts. Apol8 has the potential to be used as a novel mammalian-derived antifreeze protein.

  Window Analysis of Cultivated Land Use Economic Efficiency Based on NC-DEA Model in Changzhutan Zeng Guang,Chen Mingyang,Zhao Junyu and Li Chunhua 2017, 33 (21):  154-159.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16080114 Abstract + ( 643 )   PDF ( 568KB )   ( 436 ) A balanced panel of 15 counties (cities and districts) from 1996 to 2012 and a NC-DEA window approach were used to measure the efficiency of cultivated land use in Changzhutan area. The results showed that the economic efficiency of cultivated land use was relatively stable, and it was higher in central cities (cities and districts) than that in suburban areas, which indicated that the external environmental factors had a significant impact on economic efficiency, the favorable social and economic conditions were conductive to the improvement of the efficiency of cultivated land, NC-DEA window approach could evaluate the efficiency of single factor without deleting other factors, a combination DEA window approach of specific factors could provide a significant tool to evaluate land efficiency of other soil types.

  Evaluation of Eco-compensation Mechanism of Agricultural Water-Saving: Based on DPSIR Model in Jiuquan of Gansu Tong Changfu,Li Heping,Guo Yongrui,Zhou Hui and Cha Na 2017, 33 (21):  160-164.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17030215 Abstract + ( 612 )   PDF ( 496KB )   ( 289 ) Study on policy appraisal and influence factors of eco-compensation of agricultural water saving，it is promote the smooth implementation and improvement of policy. In order to set up the evaluation system of ecological compensation of agricultural water-saving in Jiuquan area of Gansu Province，from the driving force, pressure, status, influence and response five angle to analyze the factors affecting of agricultural water-saving eco-compensation. Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is applied to analyze and calculate each index weight in assessing index system. The results showed that agricultural water-saving eco-compensation factors involved in social and economic factors, national policy and impact on the environment, is the most important factor of ecological compensation development of agricultural water-saving eco-compensation, for our country''s agricultural ecological compensation laws and regulations and establishment of national policy provide theoretical support, can enhance the pertinence and practicability of agricultural water-saving eco-compensation, promoting agricultural water-saving has wider implications and important practical significance.