Abstract: To find out the relationship between soil fertility and rice yield in paddy fields of West Sichuan Plain, experiments of fertilization in different basic fertility soils were conducted with 2 indica hybrid rice varieties, to study the effects of basic soil fertility and fertilization on rice growth period, growth dynamic and yield. The results showed that the number of effective panicles and kernels per spike increased significantly after fertilization, and fertilization substantially increased the yield compared with CK.The sequence of yield increasing rate was low yield field＞ medium yield field＞ high yield field. After fertilization in high, medium and low yield fields, the contribution rate of basic fertility was 84.4%, 82.0% and 77.4%, and the rice yield increased by 19.8% , 22.0% and 30.2% respectively. Fertilization helped rice tillering ahead of time. Meanwhile, and it could increase plant height and the number of tillers, the total growth period after fertilization was slightly prolonged, and the difference of the rice growth period of high, medium and low yield fields was not obvious. The number of effective tillers in high yield field was slightly higher than that in medium and low yield field. Overall, rice yield increased with the rise of basic soil fertility and the sequence of fertilizer contribution rate was low yield field＞ middle yield field＞ high yield field. Under the same fertilization treatment, low yield field had more yield increasing potential. From yield components, fertilization significantly increased the number of effective panicles of rice, which was the main reason for the yield increase.