Abstract: The study aims to optimize the regional distribution of tropical fruits in Hainan Province, exert the comparative advantage and enhance the competitiveness of tropical fruit industry. Using related data from 2006 to 2015, we took the comparative advantage index model to estimate 5 kinds of tropical fruits in 18 counties of Hainan Province. The results showed that in different areas and under different climate and soil resources, the 5 kinds of tropical fruits showed different comparative advantages in different counties, there were also differences of advantage tropical fruits in different counties, most counties had only one kind of strong advantage fruit. Using the principle of comparative advantage to allocate the regional resources, it is suggested that in the superiority planting area of mango, banana, litchi, longan and pineapple, the dominant fruit species should be strengthened and the weak advantage fruit species should be upgraded, and with the integration of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd industry to promote the development of tropical fruit industry in Hainan Province.