Abstract: Anhui Province is one of the most typical Meiyu areas, the study of spatial distribution and temporal evolution characteristics of the atmospheric precipitable water vapor (PWV) in this area is important for our understanding of water vapor related processes, such as rainfall, evaporation and convective activity. With hourly GPS/PWV data in two periods (June to September 2012 and June to September 2014), it is revealed that a positive correlation exists between the averaged value of GPS/PWV and local terrain height. The variation of PWV in the upper atmosphere results from the water vapor variation from surface to 700 hPa, which is integrated on Global Data Assimilation System (GDAS). Based on fast Fourier transform (FFT), it is found that there is a seasonal feature with PWV in Anhui area from June to September, which includes 13.0035 days to quasi-two-week oscillation. According to the variation characteristics of seasonal change, we conclude that the end of July is a critical turning point of GPS/PWV value. Finally, the application of GPS/PWV and GDAS/PWV in weather forecast is also presented, which shows that PWV data lay a foundation for the improvement of rainfall forecast capability, weather artificial modification and water resource analysis.