Abstract: Using tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum )“Fenyan No.1”as the experimental material, we studied the effect of vermicompost (V), bio-carbon (BC), straw bioreactor (SBR) and chicken manure (CK) on soil enzyme activities, microorganism quantity and the carbon source utilization rate. The results showed that compared with CK, the V treatment increased urease and phosphatase activity in 0-20 cm soil layer, the increase rate was 40.74% and 53.33% respectively, BC treatment increased soil sucrose and catalase activity in 0- 20 cm layer, the increase rate was 35.59% and 63.93% respectively, SBR treatment increased phosphatase, urease and catalase activity in 20-40 cm layer, the increase rate was 73.68%, 43.75% and 73.41% respectively. Compared with CK, V and BC treatment promoted soil culturable bacteria number by 25.16% and 27.50% in 0- 20 soil layer, that of SBR treatment in 20- 40 cm soil layer was 39.505% , V treatment improved cultivate actinomyces quantity by 14.13% in 0-20 cm layer, that of SBR in 20-40 cm soil layer was 15.66%-43.13%, BC treatment improved soil culturable fungi amount by 40.78% in 0-20 cm layer; compared with CK, SBR treatment increased microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen by 60.11% and 44.13% in 20-40 cm soil layer, V treatment increased microbial biomass nitrogen by 36.84%; compared with CK, BC and SBR treatment significantly improved the utilization of carbohydrates, clustering and carboxylic acid type of carbon source, V treatment significantly increased the utilization of amino acids, amines and phenols carbon source.