Abstract: In order to explore the effects of phosphogypsum and organic fertilizer on yield and leaf physiological characteristics of broomcorn millet in saline alkali soil, this study with the ‘Nianfeng 5’ and ‘Neimi 8’ as the experimental materials, under the field condition set up four treatments, including phosphogypsum (60 t/hm2), organic fertilizer (187.50 t/hm2) and phosphogypsum mixed organic fertilizer (60 t/hm2 phosphogypsum + 187.50 t /hm2 organic fertilizer), and the saline-alkali soil was not improved as a control. The results showed that the regulation effect of phosphogypsum mixed with organic fertilizer on leaf sugar accumulation of two broomcorn millet varieties were different. Compared with other two treatments, leaf sucrose content and soluble sugar content of ‘Nianfeng 5’ under the mixed treatment were higher on 14d after flowering, but leaf sucrose content and soluble sugar content of ‘Neimi 8’ were higher on 21d after flowering. Leaf starch content of organic fertilizer and mixed treatments in the whole test period was lower than that of phosphogypsum treatment in ‘Nianfeng 5’. However, leaf starch content from 7d to 21d after flowering was the highest, after that it was the lowest under phosphogypsum treatment in ‘Neimi 8’. Leaf soluble protein content was highest in ‘Nianfeng 5’ under mixed treatments and in ‘Neimi 8’ under organic fertilizer on 42d after flowering. The three amelioration treatments were able to increase the yield of broomcorn millet, and the increased effect of mixed treatment was better than that of phosphogypsum and organic fertilizer treatments.