Abstract: To fully utilize and protect the germplasm resources of Volvariella volvacea, the authors analyzed the genetic diversity of 26 V. volvacea strains from different provinces and regions by using SRAP-PCR, and extracted DNA adopting the improved SDS method. Among 153 pairs of primers composed of 9 positive primers and 17 reverse primers, 11 pairs of polymorphic primers were screened and 148 polymorphic loci were amplified, of which 142 were polymorphic loci, the fragment size was between 0.11- 2.51 kb, the ratio of polymorphic loci was between 75.0%-100%, and the polymorphism ratio was 95.5%. Cluster analysis of 26 V. volvacea varieties was carried out by NTSYS-PC2.1e software, the results showed that: when the similarity coefficient was 0.76, 26 strains of V. volvacea could be divided into 3 groups; among them, 19 strains of Tianda V971, Gaoyou grass V112 and single V. volvacea were clustered into one class, and 6 strains of the second group included V23, V11, 931, V23, Gaoyou V11, and V23, and silver fillet V. volvacea was clustered into a class. It indicates that after being introduced to each other, V. volvacea is re-preserved and named. At the same time, V. volvacea has regional gene differentiation to some extent. Exploring the molecular gene pool of V. volvacea could provide basic data for the establishment of V. volvacea germplasm resource bank, and the breeding and genetic improvement of V. volvacea in Shandong.