Abstract: To provide a basis for the optimal selection of rice field breeding varieties, we analyzed the fatty acid composition and contents in the muscle of 3 varieties of paddy field carps under the same breeding condition. The results showed that: the crude fat content of FFRC carp (FFRC Strain common Carp) muscle was significantly lower than that of Oujiang carp (Cypinus carpio Var.Color) and local carp (Cyprinus carpio) (P＜ 0.05); the fatty acid composition of FFRC carp, Oujiang carp and local carp were basically similar, which included 16 kinds of fatty acids in the muscle; the contents of linoleic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, palmetoenoic acid and a- linolenic acid accounted for more than 92% of the total fatty acids; the proportion of unsaturated fatty acids reached (73.52±0.13)%, (75.67±0.07)% and (75.69±0.19)%, respectively; the relative content of polyunsaturated fatty acids and essential fatty acids in the muscle of FFRC carp was significantly higher than that of the local carp and Oujiang carp (P＜0.05), indicating that FFRC carp had better fatty acid nutrition and meat flavor than that of the other two varieties.