Abstract: Under the background of climate change, China"s modern agricultural development is facing the shortage of science and technology communication system, which is manifested in the prominent "disseminator-based" idea, the inability of the advanced concept and technology of agricultural adaptation to climate change to spread to the rural vulnerable groups, the narrow channels of communication, and the inability of the advanced concept and technology of agricultural adaptation to climate change to be accurately and timely disseminated. Farmers"scientific literacy is not high, the advanced concepts and technologies of agricultural adaptation to climate change can not be followed and recognized and diffused by farmers; the content of dissemination is limited, and the advanced concepts and technologies of agricultural adaptation to climate change can not be actively and continuously updated; the combination of "science and education promotion" is difficult, leading to the effectiveness of the dissemination of advanced concepts and technologies of agricultural adaptation to climate change. The fruit is not good. Therefore, we should construct "five W hierarchical and hierarchical ring-shaped interactive science communication system model", that is, "modern agricultural science and technology disseminator system" under the background of climate change; modern agricultural science and technology information system under the background of climate change; modern agricultural science and technology media system under the background of climate change; and "modern agricultural science and technology receivers" under the background of climate change. The disseminator system; the construction of "modern agricultural science and technology effect system" under the background of climate change. This system model is not only adapted to climate change, but also to the development trend of modern agriculture.