Combined Application of Biochar and Alum in Winter Wheat-Summer Maize Multiple Cropping Area in North China: Effects on Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Status

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb19030132

Abstract

Abstract:

The study aims to provide a basis for the application of soil conditioners in field to improve soil carbon and nitrogen condition. In the winter wheat-summer maize multiple cropping area of north China, biochar and alum were used as soil conditioners, a two-planting season experiment was conducted with four treatments, T1 (the control), T2 (biochar), T3 (alum) and T4 (biochar+alum). The results showed that T2 (biochar) and T4 (biochar+alum) had better effects on improving soil carbon and nitrogen, increasing crop yield and nitrogen nutrient uptake compared with the control. After two planting seasons, the content of organic carbon in soil treated with T4 (biochar+alum) increased by 15.82 g/kg, and the C/N of surface soil increased to 10.88. Furthermore, T4 (biochar+alum) treatment was efficient to reduce soil nitrate in 0-90 cm soil horizon. It was found that soil nitrate in the soil layers of 0-30, 30-60 and 60-90 cm were reduced by 86.96%, 86.82% and 60.41%, respectively, compared to the control. For the crop yield, the highest crop grain (11.34 t/hm²) was found in T2 (biochar). However, the highest yield of wheat (10.28 t/hm²) was found in T4 (biochar+alum). The nitrogen uptake of summer maize and winter wheat treated by T4 (biochar+alum) were the highest, which reached 168.32 kg/hm² and 35.49 kg/hm². Overall, T4 (biochar+alum) has better effect on improving soil carbon and nitrogen status in farmland.

Key words: winter wheat-summer maize, soil carbon and nitrogen, biochar, alum, soil conditioner

CLC Number:

Li Chenyu, Lu Shuchang. Combined Application of Biochar and Alum in Winter Wheat-Summer Maize Multiple Cropping Area in North China: Effects on Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Status[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2020, 36(18): 97-103.

Figures/Tables 8

References 28

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指标	总氮/(g/kg)	总磷/(g/kg)	总钾/(g/kg)	有机碳/(g/kg)	pH
生物炭	2.9	5.9	3.4	49.51	8.30
明矾	0	1.8	61.5	0	2.50

指标	总氮/(g/kg)	总磷/(g/kg)	总钾/(g/kg)	有机碳/(g/kg)	pH
生物炭	2.9	5.9	3.4	49.51	8.30
明矾	0	1.8	61.5	0	2.50

处理	深度/cm	不同采样时间土壤有机碳含量
处理	深度/cm	试验基础样	第一茬收获	第二茬收获
T1	0~30	13.46a	8.54bc	14.58a
T1	30~60	4.70a	4.20bc	6.05a
T2	0~30	13.46a	12.78a	15.26a
T2	30~60	4.70a	5.50a	4.47c
T3	0~30	13.46a	7.03c	7.15c
T3	30~60	4.70a	3.78c	5.59ab
T4	0~30	13.46a	10.30a	15.82a
T4	30~60	4.70a	4.58ab	5.11b

处理	深度/cm	不同采样时间土壤有机碳含量
处理	深度/cm	试验基础样	第一茬收获	第二茬收获
T1	0~30	13.46a	8.54bc	14.58a
T1	30~60	4.70a	4.20bc	6.05a
T2	0~30	13.46a	12.78a	15.26a
T2	30~60	4.70a	5.50a	4.47c
T3	0~30	13.46a	7.03c	7.15c
T3	30~60	4.70a	3.78c	5.59ab
T4	0~30	13.46a	10.30a	15.82a
T4	30~60	4.70a	4.58ab	5.11b

处理	深度/cm	不同采样时间土壤全氮含量
处理	深度/cm	试验基础值	第一茬收获	第二茬收获	第三茬收获
T1	0~30	1.73a	1.50a	1.33 c	1.33 a
T1	30~60	0.52a	0.42c	0.50 b
T2	0~30	1.73a	1.54 a	1.42 ab	1.39 a
T2	30~60	0.52a	0.59 a	0.47 b
T3	0~30	1.73a	1.35 a	1.33 c	1.22 a
T3	30~60	0.52a	0.38 c	0.49 b
T4	0~30	1.73a	1.43 a	1.45 a	1.34 a
T4	30~60	0.52a	0.52 b	0.50 b