Bio-organic Fertilizer: Effects on the Growth of Oats Under Drought Stress

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20190600230

Abstract

Abstract:

To explore the effects of bio-organic fertilizer on the growth and development of oats, we took ‘Linna’ as the test material and set 5 fertilizer treatments to carry out the drought stress during different periods. The results showed that: in the initial drought period, the soil moisture under the chemical fertilizer treatment was higher than that under the bio-organic fertilizer treatment; however, in the late period of drought stress, the soil moisture under the bio-organic fertilizer treatment was higher than that under the chemical fertilizer treatment, which meant applying the bio-organic fertilizer had a certain effect on soil moisture; generally speaking, the weight of stem and root under the bio-organic fertilizer were bigger than those under the chemical fertilizer, meanwhile, the ratio of stem to root under the treatment of chemical fertilizer was lower than that under the treatments of bio-organic fertilizer except treatment W4. The root and leaf traits also performed differently under different fertilization treatments. These results indicate that the application of organic fertilizer could promote the tillering of root as well as the growth of the aboveground and underground part of plants, and effectively increase the biomass. In conclusion, 6000 kg/hm ² of bio-organic fertilizer applied to oats has the most significant response to drought.

Key words: oats, bio-organic fertilizer, soil moisture, root traits, leaf traits

CLC Number:

Ma Xiang, Jia Zhifeng, Zhao Yiwei. Bio-organic Fertilizer: Effects on the Growth of Oats Under Drought Stress[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2020, 36(2): 18-25.

Figures/Tables 13

References 24

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停水处理	施肥处理	时间
停水处理	施肥处理	0 d	5 d	10 d	15 d	20 d	25 d	30 d
W1	A	6.80±0.310a	6.75±0.001c	6.32±0.012c	6.14±0.016b	6.09±0.015b	5.97±0.015b	5.96±0.015b
	B	7.10±0.367a	6.8±0.022bc	6.36±0.019bc	6.18±0.016b	6.12±0.015b	6.00±0.016b	5.99±0.014b
	C	6.81±0.030a	6.82±0.024bc	6.38±0.016b	6.17±0.094b	6.11±0.009b	5.99±0.009b	5.96±0.029b
	D	6.90±0.029a	6.94±0.023a	6.46±0.012a	6.24±0.015a	6.16±0.018a	6.05±0.018a	6.04±0.009a
	E	6.84±0.015a	6.86±0.018b	6.39±0.014b	6.17±0.009b	6.09±0.007b	5.98±0.006b	5.95±0.007b
W2	A	6.83±0.003b	6.58±0.014b	6.22±0.015b	6.14±0.012a	6.01±0.015b	6.00±0.014b
	B	6.83±0.057a	6.60±0.010ab	6.23±0.010ab	6.15±0.011a	6.02±0.012ab	6.00±0.011ab
	C	6.76±0.052a	6.60±0.015ab	6.23±0.005ab	6.16±0.009a	6.02±0.009ab	6.01±0.012ab
	D	6.81±0.027a	6.65±0.015a	6.26±0.015a	6.17±0.014a	6.05±0.013a	6.04±0.018a
	E	6.78±0.075a	6.63±0.019ab	6.22±0.008ab	6.14±0.003a	6.00±0.005b	5.98±0.005b
W3	A	6.54±0.007b	6.45±0.025a	6.25±0.014a	6.05±0.002ab	6.04±0.007a
	B	6.60±0.020a	6.53±0.029a	6.29±0.013a	6.06±0.010ab	6.04±0.004a
	C	6.58±0.026ab	6.49±0.039a	6.24±0.031a	6.02±0.022b	6.02±0.019ab
	D	6.62±0.005a	6.47±0.018a	6.25±0.009a	6.04±0.003ab	6.00±0.003b
	E	6.62±0.011a	6.50±0.007a	6.24±0.022a	6.06±0.012a	6.03±0.010ab
W4	A	6.67±0.004a	6.37±0.011c	6.11±0.009b	6.06±0.012a
	B	6.72±0.018a	6.45±0.013b	6.13±0.018ab	6.08±0.011a
	C	6.54±0.178a	6.45±0.037b	6.13±0.018ab	6.08±0.016a
	D	6.66±0.015a	6.50±0.024ab	6.13±0.013ab	6.04±0.021a
	E	6.73±0.007a	6.52±0.013a	6.16±0.018a	6.04±0.021a
W5	A	6.51±0.1171b	6.18±0.01546b	6.08±0.01192b
	B	6.64±0.02652a	6.24±0.00367a	6.12±0.00390a
	C	6.59±0.02640a	6.20±0.02210ab	6.08±0.01396b
	D	6.64±0.01972a	6.20±0.01430ab	6.08±0.01076b
	E	6.63±0.01810a	6.22±0.02188ab	6.05±0.01125b

停水处理	施肥处理	时间
停水处理	施肥处理	0 d	5 d	10 d	15 d	20 d	25 d	30 d
W1	A	6.80±0.310a	6.75±0.001c	6.32±0.012c	6.14±0.016b	6.09±0.015b	5.97±0.015b	5.96±0.015b
	B	7.10±0.367a	6.8±0.022bc	6.36±0.019bc	6.18±0.016b	6.12±0.015b	6.00±0.016b	5.99±0.014b
	C	6.81±0.030a	6.82±0.024bc	6.38±0.016b	6.17±0.094b	6.11±0.009b	5.99±0.009b	5.96±0.029b
	D	6.90±0.029a	6.94±0.023a	6.46±0.012a	6.24±0.015a	6.16±0.018a	6.05±0.018a	6.04±0.009a
	E	6.84±0.015a	6.86±0.018b	6.39±0.014b	6.17±0.009b	6.09±0.007b	5.98±0.006b	5.95±0.007b
W2	A	6.83±0.003b	6.58±0.014b	6.22±0.015b	6.14±0.012a	6.01±0.015b	6.00±0.014b
	B	6.83±0.057a	6.60±0.010ab	6.23±0.010ab	6.15±0.011a	6.02±0.012ab	6.00±0.011ab
	C	6.76±0.052a	6.60±0.015ab	6.23±0.005ab	6.16±0.009a	6.02±0.009ab	6.01±0.012ab
	D	6.81±0.027a	6.65±0.015a	6.26±0.015a	6.17±0.014a	6.05±0.013a	6.04±0.018a
	E	6.78±0.075a	6.63±0.019ab	6.22±0.008ab	6.14±0.003a	6.00±0.005b	5.98±0.005b
W3	A	6.54±0.007b	6.45±0.025a	6.25±0.014a	6.05±0.002ab	6.04±0.007a
	B	6.60±0.020a	6.53±0.029a	6.29±0.013a	6.06±0.010ab	6.04±0.004a
	C	6.58±0.026ab	6.49±0.039a	6.24±0.031a	6.02±0.022b	6.02±0.019ab
	D	6.62±0.005a	6.47±0.018a	6.25±0.009a	6.04±0.003ab	6.00±0.003b
	E	6.62±0.011a	6.50±0.007a	6.24±0.022a	6.06±0.012a	6.03±0.010ab
W4	A	6.67±0.004a	6.37±0.011c	6.11±0.009b	6.06±0.012a
	B	6.72±0.018a	6.45±0.013b	6.13±0.018ab	6.08±0.011a
	C	6.54±0.178a	6.45±0.037b	6.13±0.018ab	6.08±0.016a
	D	6.66±0.015a	6.50±0.024ab	6.13±0.013ab	6.04±0.021a
	E	6.73±0.007a	6.52±0.013a	6.16±0.018a	6.04±0.021a
W5	A	6.51±0.1171b	6.18±0.01546b	6.08±0.01192b
	B	6.64±0.02652a	6.24±0.00367a	6.12±0.00390a
	C	6.59±0.02640a	6.20±0.02210ab	6.08±0.01396b
	D	6.64±0.01972a	6.20±0.01430ab	6.08±0.01076b
	E	6.63±0.01810a	6.22±0.02188ab	6.05±0.01125b

停水处理	施肥处理	根系性状
停水处理	施肥处理	长度/cm	投影面积/cm²	体积/cm³	平均直径/mm	节点数	根尖数	分形维数
W1	A	6.73±0.675b	0.65±0.093a	0.07±0.014a	0.75±0.097a	24.89±3.430b	9.11±1.379b	1.26±0.021a
	B	7.54±0.684b	0.60±0.039a	0.06±0.005a	0.59±0.045a	34.11±4.605ab	12±1.312ab	1.28±0.021a
	C	10.11±1.012a	0.74±0.084a	0.08±0.016a	0.61±0.055a	40.89±5.438a	12.22±2.203ab	1.26±0.017a
	D	8.34±0.617ab	0.73±0.040a	0.09±0.008a	0.64±0.053a	37±4.447ab	15.56±1.069a	1.28±0.014a
	E	7.60±0.852b	0.62±0.067a	0.07±0.011a	0.66±0.080a	27.67±6.696ab	8.44±1.642b	1.23±0.022a
W2	A	6.69±1.164b	0.54±0.074a	0.06±0.009a	0.60±0.036ab	34.33±5.118a	14.78±1.730a	1.18±0.032a
	B	10.34±0.765ab	0.69±0.068a	0.08±0.015a	0.54±0.036ab	56.67±5.126a	23.22±2.613a	1.22±0.024a
	C	9.36±2.010ab	0.61±0.118a	0.06±0.011a	0.61±0.059ab	53.67±15.490a	22.33±6.843a	1.18±0.018a
	D	10.30±1.463ab	0.74±0.070a	0.08±0.007a	0.71±0.115a	49.33±8.602a	17.44±3.019a	1.25±0.034a
	E	11.74±0.947a	0.59±0.070a	0.05±0.010a	0.42±0.028b	62.33±7.369a	24±3.342a	1.18±0.014a
W3	A	7.34±0.287a	0.59±0.072a	0.08±0.020a	0.72±0.113a	24.89±3.537b	8±1.118ab	1.25±0.028a
	B	9.27±0.682a	0.69±0.031a	0.07±0.004a	0.61±0.045a	47.33±4.882a	13.22±1.278b	1.25±0.014a
	C	9.48±0.900a	0.68±0.059a	0.08±0.010a	0.64±0.075a	38.67±4.690ab	14.11±2.137a	1.28±0.018a
	D	9.00±0.893a	0.63±0.058a	0.07±0.012a	0.70±0.118a	31.44±5.373b	11.44±1.668ab	1.23±0.027a
	E	8.91±0.624a	0.64±0.044a	0.07±0.008a	0.55±0.065a	35.44±5.271ab	10.78±2.060ab	1.24±0.022a
W4	A	12.24±1.798b	0.57±0.054b	0.06±0.009a	0.64±0.078a	30.33±5.439b	14.44±3.163b	1.20±0.020bc
	B	19.39±3.182ab	0.89±0.149ab	0.09±0.019a	0.52±0.067a	122.67±30.417a	63.11±14.608a	1.25±0.018abc
	C	15.40±2.466ab	0.68±0.135ab	0.07±0.018a	0.58±0.060a	52.22±10.109b	28.56±3.757b	1.18±0.024c
	D	13.88±1.486a	0.91±0.081a	0.10±0.013a	0.56±0.044a	53.89±5.806b	18±3.697b	1.27±0.026a
	E	11.06±1.049ab	0.74±0.058ab	0.08±0.009a	0.61±0.076a	42.33±5.897b	14.78±2.504b	1.26±0.025ab
W5	A	20.02±1.857a	0.93±0.069ab	0.09±0.011a	0.46±0.057a	111.22±15.432a	56.22±10.036a	1.28±0.018a
	B	17.17±3.330a	0.80±0.083b	0.07±0.008a	0.51±0.053a	94.56±27.652a	40.56±12.234a	1.26±0.022a
	C	21.70±2.597a	1.01±0.073ab	0.09±0.013a	0.43±0.044a	137.44±24.857a	58.89±14.044a	1.28±0.012a
	D	22.64±2.745a	1.08±0.093a	0.11±0.015a	0.57±0.067a	91.44±11.587a	45.33±6.888a	1.25±0.019a
	E	18.45±2.184a	0.86±0.080ab	0.08±0.010a	0.40±0.044a	114.44±13.911a	55.11±9.076a	1.25±0.017a

停水处理	施肥处理	根系性状
停水处理	施肥处理	长度/cm	投影面积/cm²	体积/cm³	平均直径/mm	节点数	根尖数	分形维数
W1	A	6.73±0.675b	0.65±0.093a	0.07±0.014a	0.75±0.097a	24.89±3.430b	9.11±1.379b	1.26±0.021a
	B	7.54±0.684b	0.60±0.039a	0.06±0.005a	0.59±0.045a	34.11±4.605ab	12±1.312ab	1.28±0.021a
	C	10.11±1.012a	0.74±0.084a	0.08±0.016a	0.61±0.055a	40.89±5.438a	12.22±2.203ab	1.26±0.017a
	D	8.34±0.617ab	0.73±0.040a	0.09±0.008a	0.64±0.053a	37±4.447ab	15.56±1.069a	1.28±0.014a
	E	7.60±0.852b	0.62±0.067a	0.07±0.011a	0.66±0.080a	27.67±6.696ab	8.44±1.642b	1.23±0.022a
W2	A	6.69±1.164b	0.54±0.074a	0.06±0.009a	0.60±0.036ab	34.33±5.118a	14.78±1.730a	1.18±0.032a
	B	10.34±0.765ab	0.69±0.068a	0.08±0.015a	0.54±0.036ab	56.67±5.126a	23.22±2.613a	1.22±0.024a
	C	9.36±2.010ab	0.61±0.118a	0.06±0.011a	0.61±0.059ab	53.67±15.490a	22.33±6.843a	1.18±0.018a
	D	10.30±1.463ab	0.74±0.070a	0.08±0.007a	0.71±0.115a	49.33±8.602a	17.44±3.019a	1.25±0.034a
	E	11.74±0.947a	0.59±0.070a	0.05±0.010a	0.42±0.028b	62.33±7.369a	24±3.342a	1.18±0.014a
W3	A	7.34±0.287a	0.59±0.072a	0.08±0.020a	0.72±0.113a	24.89±3.537b	8±1.118ab	1.25±0.028a
	B	9.27±0.682a	0.69±0.031a	0.07±0.004a	0.61±0.045a	47.33±4.882a	13.22±1.278b	1.25±0.014a
	C	9.48±0.900a	0.68±0.059a	0.08±0.010a	0.64±0.075a	38.67±4.690ab	14.11±2.137a	1.28±0.018a
	D	9.00±0.893a	0.63±0.058a	0.07±0.012a	0.70±0.118a	31.44±5.373b	11.44±1.668ab	1.23±0.027a
	E	8.91±0.624a	0.64±0.044a	0.07±0.008a	0.55±0.065a	35.44±5.271ab	10.78±2.060ab	1.24±0.022a
W4	A	12.24±1.798b	0.57±0.054b	0.06±0.009a	0.64±0.078a	30.33±5.439b	14.44±3.163b	1.20±0.020bc
	B	19.39±3.182ab	0.89±0.149ab	0.09±0.019a	0.52±0.067a	122.67±30.417a	63.11±14.608a	1.25±0.018abc
	C	15.40±2.466ab	0.68±0.135ab	0.07±0.018a	0.58±0.060a	52.22±10.109b	28.56±3.757b	1.18±0.024c
	D	13.88±1.486a	0.91±0.081a	0.10±0.013a	0.56±0.044a	53.89±5.806b	18±3.697b	1.27±0.026a
	E	11.06±1.049ab	0.74±0.058ab	0.08±0.009a	0.61±0.076a	42.33±5.897b	14.78±2.504b	1.26±0.025ab
W5	A	20.02±1.857a	0.93±0.069ab	0.09±0.011a	0.46±0.057a	111.22±15.432a	56.22±10.036a	1.28±0.018a
	B	17.17±3.330a	0.80±0.083b	0.07±0.008a	0.51±0.053a	94.56±27.652a	40.56±12.234a	1.26±0.022a
	C	21.70±2.597a	1.01±0.073ab	0.09±0.013a	0.43±0.044a	137.44±24.857a	58.89±14.044a	1.28±0.012a
	D	22.64±2.745a	1.08±0.093a	0.11±0.015a	0.57±0.067a	91.44±11.587a	45.33±6.888a	1.25±0.019a
	E	18.45±2.184a	0.86±0.080ab	0.08±0.010a	0.40±0.044a	114.44±13.911a	55.11±9.076a	1.25±0.017a

停水处理	施肥处理	叶性状
停水处理	施肥处理	长度/cm	面积/cm²	体积/cm³	平均直径/mm
W1	A	25.55±1.480a	5.62±0.576a	1.12±0.260a	1.05±0.060ab
	B	26.28±2.457a	4.29±0.621a	0.63±0.130a	0.86±0.054b
	C	24.33±2.518a	4.19±0.578a	0.83±0.211a	0.91±0.074b
	D	25.50±1.829a	4.81±0.398a	0.81±0.124a	0.97±0.070b
	E	27.10±1.955a	5.21±0.473a	1.02±0.137a	1.20±0.101a
W2	A	34.40±2.022ab	3.81±0.206a	0.35±0.025a	0.70±0.036a
	B	37.52±2.409a	3.86±0.225a	0.33±0.027a	0.58±0.050a
	C	34.40±3.558ab	3.16±0.414a	0.25±0.042a	0.59±0.064a
	D	32.19±1.430ab	3.16±0.305a	0.27±0.045a	0.63±0.070a
	E	29.60±2.312b	3.15±0.463a	0.29±0.068a	0.59±0.051a
W3	A	39.17±2.670bc	3.67±0.400bc	0.30±0.052ab	0.66±0.058ab
	B	48.46±2.452a	5.07±0.432a	0.46±0.063a	0.61±0.050ab
	C	44.30±2.037ab	4.17±0.413ab	0.34±0.051a	0.67±0.038a
	D	33.05±2.989c	2.60±0.364c	0.17±0.032b	0.52±0.033b
	E	47.56±2.939a	4.48±0.516ab	0.36±0.064a	0.54±0.043ab
W4	A	49.15±2.385a	5.62±0.489ab	0.56±0.079a	0.64±0.071ab
	B	58.78±6.931a	5.47±0.558ab	0.47±0.060ab	0.73±0.033ab
	C	56.77±2.197a	5.89±0.383a	0.56±0.055a	0.80±0.033a
	D	48.87±3.933a	4.34±0.456b	0.33±0.052b	0.59±0.064b
	E	50.58±3.800a	4.96±0.517ab	0.44±0.071ab	0.67±0.047ab
W5	A	72.87±3.389a	7.12±0.565a	0.65±0.079a	0.74±0.061a
	B	63.77±4.528a	6.25±0.566a	0.56±0.063a	0.72±0.031ab
	C	74.00±4.922a	7.33±0.774a	0.65±0.094a	0.67±0.066b
	D	75.91±7.988a	6.46±0.807a	0.52±0.090a	0.55±0.075ab
	E	74.37±4.138a	7.00±0.379a	0.61±0.046a	0.58±0.038ab