Abstract:

To verify the effect of commercial organic fertilizer on wheat yield after partial substitution of chemical fertilizer, and to determine the optimal ratio of organic fertilizer to chemical fertilizer, this experiment used the method of field trials, using commercial bio-organic fertilizer as material, to study the effects of bio-organic fertilizer usage and partial substitution of chemical fertilizers on wheat growth, yield and yield components. The results showed that the yield of wheat increased with the application of bio-organic fertilizer. When the application amount was 5636.5 kg/hm², the yield was 7800.6 kg/hm². Under the condition of equal nutrients, the combination of bio-organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer could promote the growth of individual wheat plant, and the replacement of 17%-34% chemical fertilizer by organic fertilizer could increase the yield by 11.3%-11.8%, compared with the single application of chemical fertilizer. On the basis of applying 1500 kg/hm² organic fertilizer, reducing chemical fertilizer application by 34%, the yield of wheat was 7542.0 kg/hm², which was increased by 11.8% compared with that of chemical fertilizer alone. The yield difference between 34% and 17% reduction of chemical fertilizer was not significant, because the application of bio-organic fertilizer could increase the effective ear, the number of grains per ear and the weight of 1000 grains. In this experiment, the application of 5600 kg/hm²commercial bio-organic fertilizer and substituting 20%-30% chemical fertilizer by organic fertilizer could effectively reduce the occurrence of wheat Sclerotinia, improve the yield structure of wheat and increase the yield.

Key words: wheat, commercial bio-organic fertilizer, consumption amount, organic substitution ratio, yield