Fishery Internet of Vessels Engineering System: Application Status Analysis

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20190700429

Abstract

Abstract:

Fishery Internet of Vessels (FIoV) provides vessel-vessel and vessel-shore information interaction and smart services by carrying information perception, processing and transmission equipment, which has scientific significance and practical value in the fields of fishery production, overocean communication, safety management, fishery law enforcement and ocean detection. The current application situation and the evolution trends of FIoV engineering system are analyzed. The research status and development trends of perception layer, transport layer and application layer are reviewed in detail, then the major technologies and scientific problems involved are summarized. Based on the demands of fishing vessel detection, overocean communication, data fusion and data mining, the major obstacles in the development of FIoV in China are analyzed from the aspects of basic research, platform construction, cutting-edge technology, equipment engineering and standard system. Subsequently, the developing countermeasures of technological innovation for FIoV engineering system are pointed out. Finally, the suggestions are proposed with the goal of "breaking through key technology, developing core equipment, building basic platform and forming innovation ability" and the route of "exploration period, deployment period and expansion period".

Key words: fishery internet of vessel, intelligent fishing vessel, shipborne information detection, maritime satellite communication system, distribution of fishing effort, multi-source data fusion

CLC Number:

TP391

Xu Shuo, Lu Feng, Guo Yudong, Wang Yu, Li Ao. Fishery Internet of Vessels Engineering System: Application Status Analysis[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2020, 36(12): 139-151.

Figures/Tables 16

References 85

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类别		覆盖范围	优势	劣势
海上无线电通信	中波/短波	100海里	中远距离、成本低	带宽窄、稳定性低
海上无线电通信	超短波	25~40海里	成本低	视距通信、带宽窄、稳定性低
海洋卫星通信（微波通信）		全球	覆盖全球、支持宽带通信	设备成本高、数据费用高
岸基移动通信		10海里	宽带通信	近岸通信

类别		覆盖范围	优势	劣势
海上无线电通信	中波/短波	100海里	中远距离、成本低	带宽窄、稳定性低
海上无线电通信	超短波	25~40海里	成本低	视距通信、带宽窄、稳定性低
海洋卫星通信（微波通信）		全球	覆盖全球、支持宽带通信	设备成本高、数据费用高
岸基移动通信		10海里	宽带通信	近岸通信

通信方式	应用系统	频率	最高速率/Kbps	通信距离/海里
中波(MF)	NAVTEX	518 KHz或490 KHz	50	250~400
中波(MF)	NATDAT	500 KHz	47.4	400
短波(HF)	PACTOR-4	3~30 MHz	10.5	100
超短波(VHF)	AIS系统	156-162 MHz	9.6	2~40
超短波(VHF)	VDES系统	156~157.4 MHz 160.6~162 MHz	40	星载

通信方式	应用系统	频率	最高速率/Kbps	通信距离/海里
中波(MF)	NAVTEX	518 KHz或490 KHz	50	250~400
中波(MF)	NATDAT	500 KHz	47.4	400
短波(HF)	PACTOR-4	3~30 MHz	10.5	100
超短波(VHF)	AIS系统	156-162 MHz	9.6	2~40
超短波(VHF)	VDES系统	156~157.4 MHz 160.6~162 MHz	40	星载

典型卫星系统		运行轨道	通信频段	通信功能	传输速率/bps
Inmarsat	Inmarsat-4	4颗地球同步轨道卫星	L波段	语音、文字、数据传输	最高492 K
Inmarsat	Inmarsat-5	4颗地球同步轨道卫星	Ka波段	语音、文字、宽带数据传输	最高下行50 M,最高上行5 M
Iridium NEXT		66颗低轨道卫星	L/ Ka波段	语音、文字、宽带数据传输	L波段最高下行：1.5 M Ka波段最高下行：8 M
VSAT		地球同步轨道卫星、中低轨道卫星	Ku波段或Ka波段	语音、文字、宽带数据传输	最高下行70 M 最高上行2 M
北斗		5颗地球同步轨道卫星、35颗中轨道卫星	L/S波段	定位、导航、短报文	19.2 K