Climate-smart Grassland Management Technology Helps the Revitalization of Pastoral Areas

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0006

Abstract

Abstract:

Climate warming and human activities have brought unprecedented challenges to the alpine grassland ecosystem on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. In order to enhance the Qinghai-Tibet pastoral area’s ability to cope with climate change, rationally utilize alpine grassland resources, reduce greenhouse gas emissions from natural animal husbandry, and increase herdsmen’s income and livelihood resilience, this research team implemented the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (MARA)-World Bank (WB)-Global Environment Facility (GEF) climate-smart grassland management technology research. In Mole Town of Qilian County in Qinghai Province, we worked with herdsmen to implement the natural grassland management technology of non-spring grazing and no-tillage seeding, monitored grassland vegetation diversity and productivity, calculated the normalized vegetation index (NDVI) of vegetation in the study area through satellite images, and investigated the social impacts and herdsmen’s satisfaction and economic conditions resulting from climate-smart grassland management. The pilot application and investigation of climate-smart grassland management technology has achieved rich results in Mole Town. Grassland productivity has been increased by 34.1% and 50.0% respectively under non-spring grazing and no-tillage seeding, and both of these two restoration measures have increased the grassland vegetation diversity to a certain extent. NDVI showed that the vegetation growth under the restoration measures is better than that of the control land. In addition, 88.6% of the herdsmen are satisfied with the climate-smart grassland management technology. The implementation of the management technology directly or indirectly increased the income of the project households and herdsmen. And the scientific literacy of about 80.0% of local herdsmen has been improved. Climate-smart grassland management technology can improve the grassland vegetation diversity, productivity and green coverage, increase herdsmen’s income, improve herdsmen’s living environment, promote herdsmen’s scientific literacy, and enhance herdsmen’s ability to cope with climate change, thereby helping the revitalization of pastoral areas.

Key words: Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, climate-smart, grassland diversity, grassland productivity, scientific literacy, revitalization of pastoral areas, farmers and herdsmen

CLC Number:

ZHOU Chengyang, LIU Hao, HUANG Ding, WANG Jie, LI Tingyu, WANG Mingli, ZHANG Yingjun, LI Chengyu, ZHAI Xiyue, YANG Wuteng. Climate-smart Grassland Management Technology Helps the Revitalization of Pastoral Areas[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2022, 38(20): 156-164.

Figures/Tables 9

References 29

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处理		行政村						平均值
处理		海浪村	才什土村	多隆村	老日根村	瓦日尕村	扎沙村	平均值
物种数(SPc)/ （种/m²）	免耕补播	22±5	20±4	19±7	19±4	11±4	24±2	19±5
	春季休牧	25±7	22±2	23±4	20±6	12±4	24±4	21±6
	对照处理	22±5	20±2	20±2	12±1	17±2	23±2	20±4
株丛数(SPn)/ （株/m²）	免耕补播	1207±368	333±163	1053±579	591±259	233±118	686±197	658±467
	春季休牧	1455±496	357±150	887±284	884±338	488±495	676±183	763±512
	对照处理	1560±773	231±72	672±145	587±201	412±21	826±479	802±655
D（α多样性）	免耕补播	0.89±0.02	0.89±0.02	0.88±0.01	0.87±0.02	0.81±0.03	0.89±0.02	0.88±0.02
	春季休牧	0.90±0.01	0.88±0.01	0.88±0.02	0.89±0.01	0.90±0.04	0.88±0.02	0.89±0.02
	对照处理	0.88±0.01	0.87±0.02	0.83±0.01	0.75±0.00	0.80±0.04	0.88±0.03	0.85±0.05

处理		行政村						平均值
处理		海浪村	才什土村	多隆村	老日根村	瓦日尕村	扎沙村	平均值
物种数(SPc)/ （种/m²）	免耕补播	22±5	20±4	19±7	19±4	11±4	24±2	19±5
	春季休牧	25±7	22±2	23±4	20±6	12±4	24±4	21±6
	对照处理	22±5	20±2	20±2	12±1	17±2	23±2	20±4
株丛数(SPn)/ （株/m²）	免耕补播	1207±368	333±163	1053±579	591±259	233±118	686±197	658±467
	春季休牧	1455±496	357±150	887±284	884±338	488±495	676±183	763±512
	对照处理	1560±773	231±72	672±145	587±201	412±21	826±479	802±655
D（α多样性）	免耕补播	0.89±0.02	0.89±0.02	0.88±0.01	0.87±0.02	0.81±0.03	0.89±0.02	0.88±0.02
	春季休牧	0.90±0.01	0.88±0.01	0.88±0.02	0.89±0.01	0.90±0.04	0.88±0.02	0.89±0.02
	对照处理	0.88±0.01	0.87±0.02	0.83±0.01	0.75±0.00	0.80±0.04	0.88±0.03	0.85±0.05

处理	春季休牧地	免耕补播地	对照地	平均地上生物量
扎沙村	179.11±78.85	217.57±60.38	168.54±34.07	188.4±62.62
多隆村	206.01±66.19	401.69±101.25	101.83±47.54	236.51±145.61
海浪村	297.68±46.25	249.51±61.68	186.68±90.3	248.14±79.30
老日根村	119.95±44.31	173.03±47.39	113.33±40.55	135.44±50.73
才什土村	114.93±33.59	81.56±41.60	115.67±59.67	104.05±47.72
瓦日尕村	110.85±32.51	27.43±11.18	80.57±39.03	72.95±45.53
平均数	171.42±84.44	191.80±134.83	127.86±65.67	163.66±102.37

处理	春季休牧地	免耕补播地	对照地	平均地上生物量
扎沙村	179.11±78.85	217.57±60.38	168.54±34.07	188.4±62.62
多隆村	206.01±66.19	401.69±101.25	101.83±47.54	236.51±145.61
海浪村	297.68±46.25	249.51±61.68	186.68±90.3	248.14±79.30
老日根村	119.95±44.31	173.03±47.39	113.33±40.55	135.44±50.73
才什土村	114.93±33.59	81.56±41.60	115.67±59.67	104.05±47.72
瓦日尕村	110.85±32.51	27.43±11.18	80.57±39.03	72.95±45.53
平均数	171.42±84.44	191.80±134.83	127.86±65.67	163.66±102.37

	计数	均值	标准差	最小值	最大值
家庭总收入	86	20.0	62.9	1	574
牧业收入	83	17.5	61.1	0.4	574
打工收入	13	0.60	2.20	0	18
补贴收入	75	0.88	0.71	0	4
其他收入	3	0.40	2.12	0	19
贷款金额	58	18	65	0	500