Abstract:

In order to provide a theoretical basis for the rational fertilizer application of rice, this experiment explored the effects of different amounts of medium and microelement fertilizers on the growth, yield and quality of rice. Two rice varieties ‘Tianlongyou 619’ and ‘Yanfeng 47’ were used as experimental materials. And four different medium and microelement fertilizer application treatments were designed, which were CK (0 kg/hm²), T₁ (15 kg/hm²), T₂ (30 kg/hm²) and T₃ (45 kg/hm²). And dry matter accumulation, photosynthetic rate, yield and quality were measured and analyzed. The results showed that the yield, effective panicle number and grains per panicle had an increasing trend with medium and microelement fertilizer treatments, and the yields increased by 19.15% and 18.45% in 619-T₂ and 47-T₂, respectively, which were significantly different compared with that of CK. Photosynthetic rate of 619-T₂ and 47-T₂ was significantly different from that of CK, which increased by 8.40% and 10.62% at full heading stage and 9.84% and 8.77% at filling stage, respectively. In terms of rice quality, the brown rice rate, milled rice rate and head milled rice rate had an increasing trend, the amylose content of rice showed a decreasing trend, and the protein content showed an increasing trend compared with those of CK. In conclusion, the application of 30 kg/hm² medium and microelement fertilizers have significant effects and maximum economic benefits, which can increase plant SPAD value and leaf area index of rice leaves and enhance photosynthetic efficiency and dry matter accumulation of rice plants, thus improving the yield and quality of rice.

Key words: rice, medium and microelements, dry matter accumulation, yield, quality