Effects of Nitrogen Application Position on Growth, Nitrogen Accumulation and Yield of Peanut

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0042

Abstract

Abstract:

This study, through simulation of field experiment, investigated the effects of nitrogen application in podding layer and root zone on peanut growth, nitrogen accumulation, and grain yield by applying nitrogen at the flower bud stage under the same nitrogen input conditions. The results showed that the application of fertilizer at the podding layer significantly increased the plant height and the length of the first pair of lateral branches by more than 12% and 9% compared with the control treatment, during the podding stage. Compared with the control, fertilization in both podding layer and root zone increased the total number of peanut needles, with the podding layer treatment showing a significant increase of 5.97% in total peanut needles compared to the root zone treatment in 2022. In the pod maturity stage, the plant height with podding layer fertilization was significantly increased by more than 10% compared to the control. Compared with the control, both podding layer and root zone fertilization improved the length of the first pair of lateral branches and the total number of peanut needles. The dry matter accumulation and nitrogen accumulation in roots, stems, leaves, fruiting needles and pods in the podding layer and root zone fertilization treatments were significantly higher than those in control treatment. Compared with the control group, the single pod weight, the number of pods per plant, the number of mature pods and the pod weight per hundred in the podding layer fertilization treatment were generally increased by more than 20%. The single pod weight and the number of pods per plant in the podding layer fertilization were significantly higher by more than 15% compared to the root zone fertilization. In conclusion, this study proved that applying nitrogen fertilizer at the podding layer was beneficial to the growth, nitrogen accumulation and yield improvement of peanuts.

Key words: peanut, nitrogen application position, growth, nitrogen accumulation, yield, nitrogen application, podding layer fertilization, root layer fertilization

SONG Jian, WANG Jie, SI Tong. Effects of Nitrogen Application Position on Growth, Nitrogen Accumulation and Yield of Peanut[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2024, 40(27): 20-26.

Figures/Tables 9

References 30

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时间	时期	碱解氮/(mg/kg)	速效磷/(mg/kg)	速效钾/(mg/kg)	有机质/(g/kg)	pH
2021年	播种前	18.18	16.24	375.7	8.70	6.15
2021年	饱果成熟期	14.92	14.59	342.31	7.18	6.8
2022年	播种前	19.64	10.98	368.16	2.35	7.8
2022年	饱果成熟期	16.19	9.18	331.72	1.66	7.89

时间	时期	碱解氮/(mg/kg)	速效磷/(mg/kg)	速效钾/(mg/kg)	有机质/(g/kg)	pH
2021年	播种前	18.18	16.24	375.7	8.70	6.15
2021年	饱果成熟期	14.92	14.59	342.31	7.18	6.8
2022年	播种前	19.64	10.98	368.16	2.35	7.8
2022年	饱果成熟期	16.19	9.18	331.72	1.66	7.89

施肥方式	基肥用量	追肥用量
对照组	结荚层：0；根系层：0	结荚层：0；根系层：0
结荚层施肥	结荚层：0.19；根系层：0	结荚层：0.13；根系层：0
根系层施肥	结荚层：0；根系层：0.19	结荚层：0；根系层：0.13

施肥方式	基肥用量	追肥用量
对照组	结荚层：0；根系层：0	结荚层：0；根系层：0
结荚层施肥	结荚层：0.19；根系层：0	结荚层：0.13；根系层：0
根系层施肥	结荚层：0；根系层：0.19	结荚层：0；根系层：0.13

年份	处理	时期
年份	处理	结荚期	饱果成熟期
2021	CK	17.92±0.62b	17.10±0.71b
	F1	20.07±1.03a	18.83±0.66a
	F2	19.05±0.84ab	18.55±0.57a
2022	CK	14.62±0.60b	14.78±1.04b
	F1	16.70±0.76a	16.95±0.75a
	F2	16.20±0.36a	15.67±1.25ab