Effect of Potassium Application Rate on Absorption, Transport and Yield of Maize Potassium

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0292

Abstract

Abstract:

To study the response of maize population dry matter, yield, nutrient absorption and transport to potassium, a field experiment was conducted in Pingjibao, Yinchuan City, Ningxia from 2018 to 2019, with 6 potassium fertilizer dosages of 0, 60, 120, 180, 240 and 300 kg/hm². The results showed that potassium application significantly improved the dry matter accumulation, potassium absorption, transportation and utilization efficiency of corn. The best potassium application rate was 180 kg/hm², and the dry matter accumulation in the mature stage increased by 3.04% to 13.80% compared to the control, while the potassium accumulation in the ear increased by 32.17% to 42.57% compared to the control. Under potassium application, the potassium transport amount increased by 20.28%-68.73%, the potassium transport rate increased by 10.16%-30.37%, and the contribution rate of transported nutrients to grains increased by 20.40%-67.71%. Compared with other potassium application treatments, the potassium absorption and utilization efficiency of 180 kg/hm² increased by 20.09%-247.97%, the potassium agronomic utilization efficiency increased by 37.47%-221.27%, and the yield increased by 6.99%-18.14%. Taking into account factors such as corn yield, nutrient accumulation and transportation, and fertilizer utilization, the potassium application rate of 180 kg/hm² was more suitable under the experimental conditions

Key words: potassium application amount, dry matter, nutrient absorption and utilization, yield

ZHANG Zhengzhen, MU Ruirui, WANG Jia, XU Can, CHEN Yongwei, ZHANG Zhansheng, WU Hongliang, KANG Jianhong. Effect of Potassium Application Rate on Absorption, Transport and Yield of Maize Potassium[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2024, 40(8): 47-56.

Figures/Tables 11

References 27

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年份	pH	有机质/(g/kg)	碱解氮/(mg/kg)	全氮/(g/kg)	速效钾/(mg/kg)
2018	7.68	11.86	49.00	0.80	147.50
2019	7.71	12.56	34.00	0.63	84.31

年份	pH	有机质/(g/kg)	碱解氮/(mg/kg)	全氮/(g/kg)	速效钾/(mg/kg)
2018	7.68	11.86	49.00	0.80	147.50
2019	7.71	12.56	34.00	0.63	84.31

年份	器官	处理	钾转用量/(kg/hm²)		钾转用率/%		转用养分贡献率/%	积累养分贡献率/%
2018年	叶	K₀	32.62±2.31c		32.83±1.15c		12.72±0.45c	87.28±0.45ab
		K₁	32.93±2.08c		30.87±1.13c		12.18±0.44c	87.82±0.44a
		K₂	57.08±2.02a		42.36±0.90a		17.97±0.39a	82.03±0.40e
		K₃	57.86±1.15a		42.29±0.63a		16.79±0.22ab	83.21±0.22d
		K₄	53.00±1.73a		40.79±0.71ab		15.18±0.26b	84.82±0.26cd
		K₅	44.15±1.15b		38.71±0.95b		14.05±0.34bc	85.95±0.34bc
	茎	K₀	28.56±1.15c		19.30±1.02c		11.13±0.59d	88.87±1.02a
		K₁	41.16±1.15bc		25.13±0.19ab		14.27±0.15a	85.73±0.10d
		K₂	42.88±0.58abc		25.54±0.67ab		13.50±0.35ab	86.5±0.61cd
		K₃	43.76±1.16ab		24.95±0.88b		12.70±0.45bc	87.3±0.78bc
		K₄	40.40±0.73ab		23.70±0.50b		11.57±0.23cd	88.43±0.40ab
		K₅	44.82±0.39a		27.35±0.69a		14.26±0.36a	85.74±0.61d
2019年	叶	K₀	22.81±1.07e	24.53±1.16c		9.00±0.42c		91.00±0.73a
		K₁	32.84±1.09d	30.26±1.27b		12.09±0.51b		87.91±0.88b
		K₂	36.27±0.64c	29.41±1.03b		11.80±0.41b		88.20±0.71b
		K₃	43.10±0.58b	29.39± 0.43b		11.27±0.16b		88.73±0.28b
		K₄	47.42±1.23a	34.88±0.86a		13.41±0.33a		86.59±0.57c
		K₅	39.34±1.07c	32.34±1.00ab		12.33±0.38ab		87.67±0.66bc
	茎	K₀	35.99±1.16d	24.49±0.79d		14.20±0.46ab		85.80±0.78bc
		K₁	37.53±0.30cd	24.68±0.19d		13.81±0.11ab		86.19±0.19bc
		K₂	45.10±0.49b	27.01±0.29bc		14.67±0.16a		85.33±0.28c
		K₃	56.50±0.87a	31.46±0.48a		14.77±0.23a		85.23±0.39c
		K₄	47.95±1.15b	28.46±0.69b		13.57±0.33b		86.43±0.57b
		K₅	39.09±1.10c	26.21±0.74cd		12.25±0.34c		87.75±0.60a

年份	器官	处理	钾转用量/(kg/hm²)		钾转用率/%		转用养分贡献率/%	积累养分贡献率/%
2018年	叶	K₀	32.62±2.31c		32.83±1.15c		12.72±0.45c	87.28±0.45ab
		K₁	32.93±2.08c		30.87±1.13c		12.18±0.44c	87.82±0.44a
		K₂	57.08±2.02a		42.36±0.90a		17.97±0.39a	82.03±0.40e
		K₃	57.86±1.15a		42.29±0.63a		16.79±0.22ab	83.21±0.22d
		K₄	53.00±1.73a		40.79±0.71ab		15.18±0.26b	84.82±0.26cd
		K₅	44.15±1.15b		38.71±0.95b		14.05±0.34bc	85.95±0.34bc
	茎	K₀	28.56±1.15c		19.30±1.02c		11.13±0.59d	88.87±1.02a
		K₁	41.16±1.15bc		25.13±0.19ab		14.27±0.15a	85.73±0.10d
		K₂	42.88±0.58abc		25.54±0.67ab		13.50±0.35ab	86.5±0.61cd
		K₃	43.76±1.16ab		24.95±0.88b		12.70±0.45bc	87.3±0.78bc
		K₄	40.40±0.73ab		23.70±0.50b		11.57±0.23cd	88.43±0.40ab
		K₅	44.82±0.39a		27.35±0.69a		14.26±0.36a	85.74±0.61d
2019年	叶	K₀	22.81±1.07e	24.53±1.16c		9.00±0.42c		91.00±0.73a
		K₁	32.84±1.09d	30.26±1.27b		12.09±0.51b		87.91±0.88b
		K₂	36.27±0.64c	29.41±1.03b		11.80±0.41b		88.20±0.71b
		K₃	43.10±0.58b	29.39± 0.43b		11.27±0.16b		88.73±0.28b
		K₄	47.42±1.23a	34.88±0.86a		13.41±0.33a		86.59±0.57c
		K₅	39.34±1.07c	32.34±1.00ab		12.33±0.38ab		87.67±0.66bc
	茎	K₀	35.99±1.16d	24.49±0.79d		14.20±0.46ab		85.80±0.78bc
		K₁	37.53±0.30cd	24.68±0.19d		13.81±0.11ab		86.19±0.19bc
		K₂	45.10±0.49b	27.01±0.29bc		14.67±0.16a		85.33±0.28c
		K₃	56.50±0.87a	31.46±0.48a		14.77±0.23a		85.23±0.39c
		K₄	47.95±1.15b	28.46±0.69b		13.57±0.33b		86.43±0.57b
		K₅	39.09±1.10c	26.21±0.74cd		12.25±0.34c		87.75±0.60a

处理	钾素吸收利用效率/%	钾素农学利用率/(kg/hm²)	钾肥偏生产力/(kg/hm²)
K₁	57.93 ±2.29c	16.92 ±1.15b	237.94±7.51a
K₂	66.39±2.19b	14.61 ±0.64b	122.04±11.54b
K₃	79.72±1.78a	23.26 ±1.13a	87.04±3.46c
K₄	50.30±1.27d	9.17 ±0.61c	60.17±2.89d
K₅	22.91±1.43e	7.24 ±0.53c	47.11±2.31d