Separation Characteristics of Maize Plant Traits

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0143

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to study the separation characteristics of plant traits in maize, ten maize inbred lines from different sources were selected for cross-mating, and two 8-parent hybrid F₁ segregated populations A and B were obtained. The phenotype of five plant traits of the segregated populations was identified, and the correlation analysis and path analysis between plant traits were carried out. The results showed that the variation coefficient of plant height in two segregating populations was large, and the coefficient of variation was 10.34% and 10.54%. Correlation analysis showed that the plant height showed extremely significant positive correlation with ear height, tassel length and average length of internode above ear, and tassel length showed extremely significant positive correlation with average length of internode above ear in two segregated populations. But the correlation between other plant traits of the two populations was not completely consistent. The path analysis showed that the ear height, tassel length and average length of internode above ear had significant positive direct effect on plant height. The tassel length had a large positive indirect effect on plant height through the average length of internode above ear. This study analyzed the relationship between plant traits, which could provide reference for genetic improvement of plant traits in maize.

Key words: maize, plant traits, segregating population, cross-mating, phenotype, correlation analysis, path analysis

SHI Qingling, ZHANG Jingwen, ZHANG Xinyue, HUO Bing, DONG Yongbin. Separation Characteristics of Maize Plant Traits[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2025, 41(1): 8-12.

Figures/Tables 5

References 25

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亲本	株高/cm	穗位高/cm	顶高/cm	顶高/株高	雄穗长/cm	穗上叶片数/片	穗上节间均长/cm
N04	143.00	71.00	72.00	0.50	24.67	4.00	11.83
N10	147.67	56.33	91.34	0.62	30.33	4.00	15.25
昌7-2	153.67	70.67	83.00	0.54	22.00	4.67	12.90
武9086	163.33	44.67	118.66	0.73	31.33	5.00	17.47
B73	195.00	72.00	123.00	0.63	34.00	5.00	17.80
Mo17	178.67	64.00	114.67	0.64	33.67	4.33	18.77
外引系1	179.67	77.67	102.00	0.57	23.33	5.67	13.87
外引系2	201.00	72.33	128.67	0.64	28.67	6.00	16.67
外引系3	159.67	55.67	104.00	0.65	23.33	5.67	14.19
外引系4	180.25	63.50	116.75	0.65	29.50	4.67	18.49

亲本	株高/cm	穗位高/cm	顶高/cm	顶高/株高	雄穗长/cm	穗上叶片数/片	穗上节间均长/cm
N04	143.00	71.00	72.00	0.50	24.67	4.00	11.83
N10	147.67	56.33	91.34	0.62	30.33	4.00	15.25
昌7-2	153.67	70.67	83.00	0.54	22.00	4.67	12.90
武9086	163.33	44.67	118.66	0.73	31.33	5.00	17.47
B73	195.00	72.00	123.00	0.63	34.00	5.00	17.80
Mo17	178.67	64.00	114.67	0.64	33.67	4.33	18.77
外引系1	179.67	77.67	102.00	0.57	23.33	5.67	13.87
外引系2	201.00	72.33	128.67	0.64	28.67	6.00	16.67
外引系3	159.67	55.67	104.00	0.65	23.33	5.67	14.19
外引系4	180.25	63.50	116.75	0.65	29.50	4.67	18.49

项目	群体	株高/cm	穗位高/cm	雄穗长/cm	穗上叶片数/片	穗上节间均长/cm
变幅	A	109~275	61~135	22~46	4~6	4.2~31.5
变幅	B	133~272	58~142	16~45	4~7	4.4~26.25
均值	A	231.43	98.39	34.58	5.01	19.79
均值	B	229.29	96.64	33.42	5.36	18.51
标准差	A	22.38	15.28	4.14	0.60	3.55
标准差	B	21.76	14.29	4.24	0.56	3.11
变异系数/%	A	10.34	6.44	8.34	8.37	5.58
变异系数/%	B	10.54	6.76	7.89	9.64	5.96

项目	群体	株高/cm	穗位高/cm	雄穗长/cm	穗上叶片数/片	穗上节间均长/cm
变幅	A	109~275	61~135	22~46	4~6	4.2~31.5
变幅	B	133~272	58~142	16~45	4~7	4.4~26.25
均值	A	231.43	98.39	34.58	5.01	19.79
均值	B	229.29	96.64	33.42	5.36	18.51
标准差	A	22.38	15.28	4.14	0.60	3.55
标准差	B	21.76	14.29	4.24	0.56	3.11
变异系数/%	A	10.34	6.44	8.34	8.37	5.58
变异系数/%	B	10.54	6.76	7.89	9.64	5.96

性状	株高	穗位高	雄穗长	穗上叶片数	穗上节间均长
株高	—	0.385^**	0.514^**	0.372^**	0.645^**
穗位高	0.552^**	—	0.043	-0.203^**	-0.243^**
雄穗长	0.453^**	0.228^**	—	0.097	0.347^**
穗上叶片数	0.108	-0.216^**	-0.164^*	—	0.014
穗上节间均长	0.611^**	-0.069	0.262^**	-0.320^**	—