Evaluation of Agronomic and Quality Traits of Guangxi Garlic Landraces

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0251

Abstract

Abstract:

This project aims to comprehensively evaluate the local garlic varieties in Guangxi. This experiment used 15 local garlic varieties in Guangxi as materials to carry out the field product comparison, quality identification and allicin content determination. At the same time, the agronomic traits, quality characters and allicin content of garlic varieties were comprehensively evaluated by principal component analysis and correlation analysis. 13 agronomic traits of 15 garlic varieties tested had rich variation in bulb number and single bulb weight. The dry matter rate, content of soluble protein and soluble sugar was 17.43%-29.77%, 3.88-6.81 g/100 g and 5.18%-21.77%, respectively. The content of amino acid in 15 varieties was 2.84-4.54 g/100 g, in which the content of essential amino acids was 0.80-1.14 g/100 g. The content of allicin in each variety was 1.60-7.62 g/kg detected by gas chromatography. Five main factors were extracted by principal component analysis, and the cumulative contribution rate reached 84.853%. The correlation analysis showed that allicin content was significantly negatively correlated with plant height and leaf length, and significantly positively correlated with soluble protein content and amino acid content. Through comparative analysis, there were great differences in nutritional and functional components among different garlic varieties. ‘Rendong Xiangsuan’ and ‘Sanyuesuan’ had obvious advantages in nutritional quality and allicin content respectively. The results can provide a theoretical basis for the selection of garlic varieties and their further processing and utilization in Guangxi.

Key words: garlic, quality, allicin, principal component analysis, correlation analysis

CHEN Qin, ZHANG Li, LI Yang, GUO Yuanyuan, SONG Huanzhong, KANG Dexian, HUANG Hao, TANG Juan, ZHOU Shengmao, WEN Junli, CHE Jianglv, CHEN Zhendong. Evaluation of Agronomic and Quality Traits of Guangxi Garlic Landraces[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2024, 40(7): 78-85.

Figures/Tables 9

References 25

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编号	名称	产地	编号	名称	产地
AS₁	土蒜	南宁市兴宁区	AS₉	三月蒜	桂林市全州县
AS₂	蒜头	柳州市三江县	AS₁₀	二月蒜	桂林市全州县
AS₃	安宁蒜	百色市靖西市	AS₁₁	本地蒜	桂林市全州县
AS₄	城美蒜	百色市德保县	AS₁₂	土蒜	桂林市全州县
AS₅	富罗蒜	贺州市昭平县	AS₁₃	大新蒜	贵港市平南县
AS₆	红蒜	河池市罗城县	AS₁₄	镇隆蒜	贵港市平南县
AS₇	大蒜	河池市宜州区	AS₁₅	思旺蒜	贵港市平南县
AS₈	仁东香蒜	玉林市玉州区

编号	名称	产地	编号	名称	产地
AS₁	土蒜	南宁市兴宁区	AS₉	三月蒜	桂林市全州县
AS₂	蒜头	柳州市三江县	AS₁₀	二月蒜	桂林市全州县
AS₃	安宁蒜	百色市靖西市	AS₁₁	本地蒜	桂林市全州县
AS₄	城美蒜	百色市德保县	AS₁₂	土蒜	桂林市全州县
AS₅	富罗蒜	贺州市昭平县	AS₁₃	大新蒜	贵港市平南县
AS₆	红蒜	河池市罗城县	AS₁₄	镇隆蒜	贵港市平南县
AS₇	大蒜	河池市宜州区	AS₁₅	思旺蒜	贵港市平南县
AS₈	仁东香蒜	玉林市玉州区

编号	名称	株高/cm	株幅/cm	叶片长/cm	叶宽/cm	叶片数/片	地上假茎粗/cm	地上假茎高/cm
AS₁	土蒜	58.80±8.06cde	42.00±9.88cd	58.10±7.11ab	2.10±0.07bcd	7.33±0.58b	1.42±0.12a	35.13±3.19a
AS₂	蒜头	56.47±2.75cde	60.70±4.48ab	46.77±0.46de	2.35±0.15abc	7.33±0.58b	1.11±0.11cde	14.53±1.26i
AS₃	安宁蒜	40.53±1.30h	40.57±4.53cde	52.73±2.16bcd	2.47±0.06ab	7.67±0.58b	1.16±0.07cde	17.03±0.46hi
AS₄	城美蒜	45.33±7.05fgh	31.53±4.72ef	55.20±2.04abc	2.30±0.24abc	6.67±0.58bc	1.12±0.1cde	17.73±1.55ghi
AS₅	富罗蒜	50.23±4.11efg	38.20±5.33cdef	46.53±4.32de	2.07±0.23cd	7.67±0.58b	1.22±0.24bcd	26.10±5.04cd
AS₆	红蒜	52.73±4.55def	44.23±2.82cd	56.13±3.67abc	2.13±0.12abcd	9.00±1.00a	1.00±0.02e	29.43±1.93bc
AS₇	大蒜	63.77±6.92abc	68.07±0.74a	59.97±1.45a	1.99±0.34cd	6.67±1.15bc	1.07±0.02de	20.20±1.76efgh
AS₈	仁东香蒜	61.90±4.05bc	46.90±5.03c	49.97±3.75cde	2.04±0.17cd	7.00±1.00b	1.09±0.03cde	19.13±0.9fgh
AS₉	三月蒜	27.43±4.72i	29.93±4.30f	26.97±3.71f	0.82±0.08e	5.67±0.58c	1.06±0.09de	23.13±1.17de
AS₁₀	二月蒜	37.07±0.40h	37.93±5.52cdef	43.87±6.46e	2.17±0.06abcd	7.33±0.58b	1.14±0.13cde	30.33±1.15b
AS₁₁	本地蒜	45.93±5.62fgh	36.67±4.41def	44.47±1.06e	1.86±0.24d	6.33±0.58bc	1.11±0.03cde	21.57±2.50ef
AS₁₂	土蒜	43.60±6.78gh	38.77±4.73cdef	54.93±3.33abc	2.50±0.02a	7.67±0.58b	1.37±0.1ab	22.97±0.50de
AS₁₃	大新蒜	60.63±2.47bcd	55.17±2.93b	60.07±1.10a	2.15±0.32abcd	7.33±0.58b	1.15±0.08cde	19.37±0.47efgh
AS₁₄	镇隆蒜	71.27±2.05a	65.63±3.29a	57.10±4.19ab	2.31±0.17abc	7.67±0.58b	1.22±0.04bcd	21.00±1.73efg
AS₁₅	思旺蒜	68.20±5.2ab	39.60±2.72cde	48.23±2.61de	2.18±0.33abcd	7.33±0.58b	1.27±0.07abc	21.20±0.44efg
均值		52.26	45.06	50.74	2.10	7.22	1.18	22.59
标准差		11.90	11.50	8.28	0.38	0.73	0.10	5.35
变异系数		0.23	0.26	0.16	0.18	0.10	0.09	0.24

编号	名称	株高/cm	株幅/cm	叶片长/cm	叶宽/cm	叶片数/片	地上假茎粗/cm	地上假茎高/cm
AS₁	土蒜	58.80±8.06cde	42.00±9.88cd	58.10±7.11ab	2.10±0.07bcd	7.33±0.58b	1.42±0.12a	35.13±3.19a
AS₂	蒜头	56.47±2.75cde	60.70±4.48ab	46.77±0.46de	2.35±0.15abc	7.33±0.58b	1.11±0.11cde	14.53±1.26i
AS₃	安宁蒜	40.53±1.30h	40.57±4.53cde	52.73±2.16bcd	2.47±0.06ab	7.67±0.58b	1.16±0.07cde	17.03±0.46hi
AS₄	城美蒜	45.33±7.05fgh	31.53±4.72ef	55.20±2.04abc	2.30±0.24abc	6.67±0.58bc	1.12±0.1cde	17.73±1.55ghi
AS₅	富罗蒜	50.23±4.11efg	38.20±5.33cdef	46.53±4.32de	2.07±0.23cd	7.67±0.58b	1.22±0.24bcd	26.10±5.04cd
AS₆	红蒜	52.73±4.55def	44.23±2.82cd	56.13±3.67abc	2.13±0.12abcd	9.00±1.00a	1.00±0.02e	29.43±1.93bc
AS₇	大蒜	63.77±6.92abc	68.07±0.74a	59.97±1.45a	1.99±0.34cd	6.67±1.15bc	1.07±0.02de	20.20±1.76efgh
AS₈	仁东香蒜	61.90±4.05bc	46.90±5.03c	49.97±3.75cde	2.04±0.17cd	7.00±1.00b	1.09±0.03cde	19.13±0.9fgh
AS₉	三月蒜	27.43±4.72i	29.93±4.30f	26.97±3.71f	0.82±0.08e	5.67±0.58c	1.06±0.09de	23.13±1.17de
AS₁₀	二月蒜	37.07±0.40h	37.93±5.52cdef	43.87±6.46e	2.17±0.06abcd	7.33±0.58b	1.14±0.13cde	30.33±1.15b
AS₁₁	本地蒜	45.93±5.62fgh	36.67±4.41def	44.47±1.06e	1.86±0.24d	6.33±0.58bc	1.11±0.03cde	21.57±2.50ef
AS₁₂	土蒜	43.60±6.78gh	38.77±4.73cdef	54.93±3.33abc	2.50±0.02a	7.67±0.58b	1.37±0.1ab	22.97±0.50de
AS₁₃	大新蒜	60.63±2.47bcd	55.17±2.93b	60.07±1.10a	2.15±0.32abcd	7.33±0.58b	1.15±0.08cde	19.37±0.47efgh
AS₁₄	镇隆蒜	71.27±2.05a	65.63±3.29a	57.10±4.19ab	2.31±0.17abc	7.67±0.58b	1.22±0.04bcd	21.00±1.73efg
AS₁₅	思旺蒜	68.20±5.2ab	39.60±2.72cde	48.23±2.61de	2.18±0.33abcd	7.33±0.58b	1.27±0.07abc	21.20±0.44efg
均值		52.26	45.06	50.74	2.10	7.22	1.18	22.59
标准差		11.90	11.50	8.28	0.38	0.73	0.10	5.35
变异系数		0.23	0.26	0.16	0.18	0.10	0.09	0.24

编号	名称	鳞茎高/mm	鳞茎横径/mm	单头鳞茎重/g	鳞芽高/mm	鳞芽背宽/mm	鳞芽数/个
AS₁	土蒜	37.30±2.72de	41.88±1.42cd	19.73±2.41e	25.60±3.58efg	8.59±2.88fg	30.00±6.82b
AS₂	蒜头	36.79±2.66de	40.27±4.46de	20.28±4.76e	34.11±2.18abcd	15.61±2.16bc	19.40±6.80de
AS₃	安宁蒜	34.25±1.32ef	39.49±5.38de	19.25±3.11e	26.32±3.15efg	11.94±1.27cdefg	14.80±2.77efg
AS₄	城美蒜	38.74±2.28d	45.74±2.47bc	28.86±3.1d	29.06±4.57def	10.20±1.08efg	38.80±6.38a
AS₅	富罗蒜	29.88±0.84g	36.35±2.27ef	13.88±3.22fg	22.02±2.6g	16.58±3.78ab	8.40±6.58h
AS₆	红蒜	31.60±5.57fg	39.87±3.22de	19.69±4.59e	29.33±3.04def	19.73±6.24a	9.00±2.00gh
AS₇	大蒜	43.56±1.23bc	48.36±3.96ab	34.73±4.3bc	35.12±1.88abc	11.52±1.16defg	26.00±3.67bc
AS₈	仁东香蒜	49.06±2.71a	51.48±1.73a	41.99±5.44a	36.67±7.18ab	16.62±1.62ab	17.40±2.97def
AS₉	三月蒜	31.56±3.22fg	34.61±4.02f	12.15±1.53fg	32.37±3.52bcd	13.38±2.11bcde	11.60±1.14fgh
AS₁₀	二月蒜	26.52±2.70h	30.31±1.95g	9.47±1.77gh	30.54±3.19cde	12.90±2.50bcde	12.80±1.48fgh
AS₁₁	本地蒜	26.35±2.406h	36.11±3.14ef	14.17±2.83f	24.56±1.14fg	14.51±1.15bcd	8.60±0.89h
AS₁₂	土蒜	21.94±0.69i	28.62±1.50g	7.43±0.46h	25.29±2.68fgE	9.53±2.14efg	12.20±2.17fgh
AS₁₃	大新蒜	43.08±1.63c	50.88±2.41a	31.64±2.7cd	35.26±5.75abc	12.22±0.86cdef	29.00±5.43b
AS₁₄	镇隆蒜	42.87±2.60c	45.81±2.51bc	27.22±4.02d	32.55±0.88bcd	8.21±1.36g	22.00±4.85cd
AS₁₅	思旺蒜	46.72±1.63ab	52.04±3.02a	38.99±3.26ab	38.16±3.51a	13.17±3.71bcde	18.80±2.68de
均值		36.01	41.45	22.63	30.46	12.98	18.59
标准差		7.79	7.23	10.41	4.77	3.13	8.75
变异系数		0.22	0.17	0.46	0.16	0.24	0.47