Effect of Magnesium Fertilizer Dosage on Yield, Quality and Nutrient Uptake of Four Leafy Vegetables

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0112

Abstract

Abstract:

This experiment aimed to investigate the effects of different Mg fertilizer dosages on yield, quality and nutrient uptake and utilization of different leafy vegetables, and to provide a scientific fertilization scheme for leafy vegetable quality production. Four different leafy vegetable varieties (Shuidong mustard, Lvtian mustard, Zengcheng Chinese flowering cabbage and ‘Yuetai No.1’ Chinese flowering cabbage) were used as test materials, and five different Mg fertilizer treatments were set up, including 0 kg/hm² (CK), 30 kg/hm² (Mg₁), 60 kg/hm² (Mg₂), 90 kg/hm² (Mg₃) and 120 kg/hm² (Mg₄). The effects of Mg application on yield, quality, value of output gains, and nutrient uptake and utilization of four leafy vegetable varieties were analyzed. Based on the yield and quality characteristics of vegetables, the Mg₁ treatment of Shuidong mustard, the Mg₄ treatment of Lvtian mustard, the Mg₄ treatment of Zengcheng Chinese flowering cabbage and the Mg₃ treatment of ‘Yuetai No.1’ Chinese flowering cabbage achived the best yield and quality improvement effects in this trial. Compared with CK, the yield of Shuidong mustard increased by 36.8%, revenue by 47.1%, soluble sugar content by 54.9%, vitamin C content by 18.5%, magnesium content by 0.1%, and P uptake by 182.7% in the Mg₁ treatment; the yield of Lvtian mustard increased by 43.4%, revenue by 44.5%, soluble sugar content by 105.6%, N uptake by 29.6% and K uptake by 117.8%. Zengcheng Chinese flowering cabbage increased yield by 79.3%, revenue by 95.3%, Mg content by 0.2%, N uptake by 90.0% and K uptake by 167.2% under the Mg₄ treatment; ‘Yuetai No.1’ Chinese flowering cabbage increased yield by 56.1%, revenue by 64.1%, vitamin C content by 16.7%, Cellulose content by 39.0% and N, P, K uptake by 75.7%, 58.9% and 66.2%, respectively. In summary, magnesium application can increase the yield of leafy vegetables, improve vegetable quality, enhance nutrient absorption and utilization efficiency, and increase income. Therefore, in the actual production of leafy vegetables, magnesium fertilizer should be applied appropriately to achieve a high yield and quality and green production of vegetables.

Key words: mustard, Chinese flowering cabbage, magnesium fertilizer dosage, yield, quality, nutrient uptake

LIN Haiqing, LI Jing, LI Jiawei, WANG Jiahui, JIAO Jiabin, CHANG Jingjing, CHEN Xiao, ZHANG Baige, SONG Zhao. Effect of Magnesium Fertilizer Dosage on Yield, Quality and Nutrient Uptake of Four Leafy Vegetables[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2024, 40(4): 74-82.

Figures/Tables 6

References 42

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时间	施肥	N	P₂O₅	K₂O	Mg
整地	基肥	30%	100%	30%	50%
定植后15 d	第1次追肥	30%		20%
定植后25 d	第2次追肥	20%		30%	50%
定植后35 d	第3次追肥	20%		20%

时间	施肥	N	P₂O₅	K₂O	Mg
整地	基肥	30%	100%	30%	50%
定植后15 d	第1次追肥	30%		20%
定植后25 d	第2次追肥	20%		30%	50%
定植后35 d	第3次追肥	20%		20%

品种	镁用量	可溶性糖含量/(mg/100 g)	维生素C含量/(mg/kg)	纤维素含量/(mg/kg)	镁含量/%
水东芥菜	CK	81.7±5.0c	3.45±0.10b	189.3±1.3ab	0.10±0.07c
	Mg₁	126.6±3.0a	4.09±0.11a	188.9±4.1ab	0.17±0.05bc
	Mg₂	101.7±2.1b	3.22±0.02b	174.1±10.0b	0.28±0.02a
	Mg₃	95.1±2.1bc	2.92±0.12b	205.6±6.5a	0.23±0.04ab
	Mg₄	108.4±3.4b	2.09±0.06c	169.7±3.5b	0.25±0.02ab
吕田芥菜	CK	139.4±3.9d	2.89±0.32a	179.5±15.2a	0.21±0.01a
	Mg₁	214.4±3.1c	2.90±0.28a	142.8±11.4a	0.17±0.01b
	Mg₂	319.5±6.9a	3.06±0.24a	155.5±7.2a	0.16±0.02b
	Mg₃	333.1±3.7a	4.08±0.03a	171.7±13.0a	0.17±0.02b
	Mg₄	286.6±5.3b	3.82±0.35a	172.6±4.8a	0.18±0.03ab
增城菜心	CK	108.8±2.0b	4.63±0.44a	270.7±2.9a	0.21±0.01b
	Mg₁	87.9±0.2c	4.84±0.19a	301.5±21.7a	0.20±0.03b
	Mg₂	136.7±2.4a	4.20±0.08a	284.4±5.4a	0.35±0.02a
	Mg₃	95.4±5.5c	4.30±0.32a	255.3±3.8a	0.27±0.07b
	Mg₄	89.5±3.2c	3.93±0.23a	270.0±5.3a	0.40±0.06a
粤薹1号	CK	92.9±4.0ab	3.64±0.20a	182.3±3.4bc	0.17±0.01c
	Mg₁	107.6±4.7a	3.87±0.16a	198.2±2.7b	0.20±0.03c
	Mg₂	108.3±4.5a	3.97±0.15a	182.9±4.6bc	0.34±0.09b
	Mg₃	86.9±4.1b	4.25±0.47a	253.3±4.5a	0.47±0.02a
	Mg₄	80.2±2.9b	5.36±0.01a	263.8±5.9a	0.32±0.01b

品种	镁用量	可溶性糖含量/(mg/100 g)	维生素C含量/(mg/kg)	纤维素含量/(mg/kg)	镁含量/%
水东芥菜	CK	81.7±5.0c	3.45±0.10b	189.3±1.3ab	0.10±0.07c
	Mg₁	126.6±3.0a	4.09±0.11a	188.9±4.1ab	0.17±0.05bc
	Mg₂	101.7±2.1b	3.22±0.02b	174.1±10.0b	0.28±0.02a
	Mg₃	95.1±2.1bc	2.92±0.12b	205.6±6.5a	0.23±0.04ab
	Mg₄	108.4±3.4b	2.09±0.06c	169.7±3.5b	0.25±0.02ab
吕田芥菜	CK	139.4±3.9d	2.89±0.32a	179.5±15.2a	0.21±0.01a
	Mg₁	214.4±3.1c	2.90±0.28a	142.8±11.4a	0.17±0.01b
	Mg₂	319.5±6.9a	3.06±0.24a	155.5±7.2a	0.16±0.02b
	Mg₃	333.1±3.7a	4.08±0.03a	171.7±13.0a	0.17±0.02b
	Mg₄	286.6±5.3b	3.82±0.35a	172.6±4.8a	0.18±0.03ab
增城菜心	CK	108.8±2.0b	4.63±0.44a	270.7±2.9a	0.21±0.01b
	Mg₁	87.9±0.2c	4.84±0.19a	301.5±21.7a	0.20±0.03b
	Mg₂	136.7±2.4a	4.20±0.08a	284.4±5.4a	0.35±0.02a
	Mg₃	95.4±5.5c	4.30±0.32a	255.3±3.8a	0.27±0.07b
	Mg₄	89.5±3.2c	3.93±0.23a	270.0±5.3a	0.40±0.06a
粤薹1号	CK	92.9±4.0ab	3.64±0.20a	182.3±3.4bc	0.17±0.01c
	Mg₁	107.6±4.7a	3.87±0.16a	198.2±2.7b	0.20±0.03c
	Mg₂	108.3±4.5a	3.97±0.15a	182.9±4.6bc	0.34±0.09b
	Mg₃	86.9±4.1b	4.25±0.47a	253.3±4.5a	0.47±0.02a
	Mg₄	80.2±2.9b	5.36±0.01a	263.8±5.9a	0.32±0.01b

品种	镁用量	氮吸收量/(kg/hm²)	氮肥利用率/%	磷吸收量/(kg/hm²)	磷肥利用率/%	钾吸收量/(kg/hm²)	钾肥利用率/%
水东芥菜	CK	5.3±0.6b	—	0.8±0.2c	—	9.6±4.0b	—
	Mg₁	8.8±1.3b	5.1	2.2±0.4b	32.3	25.0±4.9b	35.9
	Mg₂	11.4±1.4b	8.8	3.6±0.1a	62.9	91.4±6.5a	190.6
	Mg₃	15.8±2.7a	15.2	4.6±0.4a	85.0	26.8±2.6b	40.0
	Mg₄	9.9±0.3b	6.6	3.8±0.2a	66.3	22.2±0.9b	29.2
吕田芥菜	CK	27.3±2.7c	—	12.6±1.2b	—	51.0±8.3b	—
	Mg₁	31.3±0.5bc	5.8	12.4±0.6b	-4.3	70.1±1.2b	44.5
	Mg₂	34.0±1.1b	9.7	15.1±0.9ab	55.6	74.3±3.7b	54.5
	Mg₃	50.0±1.1a	32.9	17.7±1.0a	112.5	74.4±5.0b	54.6
	Mg₄	35.4±1.2b	11.7	12.5±1.1b	-3.1	111.0±15.3a	140.0
增城菜心	CK	16.5±0.5b	—	6.1±0.1a	—	32.7±1.3c	—
	Mg₁	19.1±0.9b	3.8	6.5±0.6a	8.7	42.5±3.1bc	23.0
	Mg₂	20.4±2.7b	5.7	7.6±0.2a	32.8	62.4±3.4ab	69.2
	Mg₃	36.8±1.6a	29.4	11.2±2.5a	114.3	78.3±8.3a	106.3
	Mg₄	31.3±3.5a	21.5	10.7±0.9a	103.7	87.3±10.3a	127.4
粤薹1号	CK	13.2±1.5d	—	4.8±0.3c	—	29.1±3.2d	—
	Mg₁	14.5±1.6cd	1.9	6.2±0.5b	31.0	41.7±3.9bc	29.4
	Mg₂	19.3±1.4bc	8.9	7.3±0.1ab	55.3	53.5±1.1a	57.0
	Mg₃	23.2±1.2ab	14.5	7.7±0.1a	63.5	48.3±2.4ab	44.9
	Mg₄	25.2±0.9a	17.5	6.7±0.2ab	42.3	37.1±1.4cd	18.7