Evaluation of Climatic Suitability of Fenghuang Dancong Tea Growth and Climatic Quality in Chaozhou

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0076

Abstract

Abstract:

The paper aims to explore the climatic advantages of growing Fenghuang Dancong tea in Chaozhou. The Fenghuang Dancong was taken as the research object, based on the climate observation data of Chaozhou station and Raoping station from 1991 to 2020, used the observed values of air temperature, humidity, precipitation and other elements of automatic meteorological observation stations at different heights in the region during 2019-2021 and the variation law of meteorological elements in hills and mountains in south China, the changes of climate mean values of meteorological elements with altitude were calculated. The Cauchy distribution model was applied to interpret the influence of climate elements on tea trees, the fuzzy mathematics method was used to calculate the climatic suitability of tea trees at different altitudes, and the climatic quality evaluation method was used to evaluate the tea leaf at different altitudes and in different picking seasons. The results showed that the overall comprehensive suitability of Fenghuang Dancong tea planting area was relatively high which demonstrates the region was very suitable for growing tea trees, especially in the layer from 300 meters to 900 meters above sea level.. The climatic quality of Fenghuang Dancong tea in different picking seasons was ranked as spring 1 tea, spring 2 tea, autumn tea and summer tea. At the same time, the quality of middle and high mountain tea leave is better than that of low mountain and flat land tea leave. This study reveals the climatic advantages of Fenghuang Dancong tea planting and the climatic background of the tea quality which provide the scientific base for the conservation and sustainable development of the China Nationally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems.

Key words: Fenghuang Dancong, climatic quality, climatic suitability, Fenghuang Dancong Tea Culture System in Chaozhou of Gongdong, China Nationally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (China-NIAHS), Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS)

ZHANG Xiaorui, MIN Qingwen, TAN Kaiyan. Evaluation of Climatic Suitability of Fenghuang Dancong Tea Growth and Climatic Quality in Chaozhou[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2024, 40(4): 111-117.

Figures/Tables 12

References 17

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要素	项目	1月	2月	3月	4月	5月	6月	7月	8月	9月	10月	11月	12月
气温	平均值/℃	14.3	15.0	17.2	21.1	24.7	27.3	28.5	28.3	27.3	24.4	20.6	16.3
气温	变异系数/%	7.0	9.9	6.6	5.6	3.8	2.6	2.2	1.9	2.6	3.7	4.7	6.6
降雨量	平均值/mm	39.0	49.2	97.3	138.7	194.8	270.4	215.2	271.1	144.6	32.3	39.2	41.4
降雨量	变异系数/%	124.7	100.8	78.4	60.1	73.1	47.0	61.8	60.1	81.1	201.5	142.3	87.7
空气湿度	平均值/%	73.3	77.0	78.2	79.7	81.5	84.7	82.3	82.2	77.4	70.5	71.3	70.3
空气湿度	变异系数/%	5.8	6.0	6.2	5.8	5.0	3.7	3.6	3.7	4.7	6.0	6.9	7.4
日照时数	平均值/h	47.1	38.7	33.4	36.1	39.4	45.7	62.1	57.3	58.5	62.8	57.3	53.1
日照时数	变异系数/%	22.9	33.0	28.8	31.0	25.5	20.8	14.7	17.5	15.6	15.0	19.0	18.3

要素	项目	1月	2月	3月	4月	5月	6月	7月	8月	9月	10月	11月	12月
气温	平均值/℃	14.3	15.0	17.2	21.1	24.7	27.3	28.5	28.3	27.3	24.4	20.6	16.3
气温	变异系数/%	7.0	9.9	6.6	5.6	3.8	2.6	2.2	1.9	2.6	3.7	4.7	6.6
降雨量	平均值/mm	39.0	49.2	97.3	138.7	194.8	270.4	215.2	271.1	144.6	32.3	39.2	41.4
降雨量	变异系数/%	124.7	100.8	78.4	60.1	73.1	47.0	61.8	60.1	81.1	201.5	142.3	87.7
空气湿度	平均值/%	73.3	77.0	78.2	79.7	81.5	84.7	82.3	82.2	77.4	70.5	71.3	70.3
空气湿度	变异系数/%	5.8	6.0	6.2	5.8	5.0	3.7	3.6	3.7	4.7	6.0	6.9	7.4
日照时数	平均值/h	47.1	38.7	33.4	36.1	39.4	45.7	62.1	57.3	58.5	62.8	57.3	53.1
日照时数	变异系数/%	22.9	33.0	28.8	31.0	25.5	20.8	14.7	17.5	15.6	15.0	19.0	18.3

条件	年平均气温/℃	≥10℃活动积温/℃·d	小叶种极端最低气温/℃	中叶种极端最低气温/℃	年降雨量/mm	相对湿度/%	日照百分率/%
适宜	15≤x<25	x≥5000	x≥-8	x≥-6	x≥1500	x≥78	x<45
可生	13≤x<15或25≤x<35	3000≤x<5000	-10≤x<-8	-8≤x<-6	1000≤x<1500	60≤x<78	45≤x<60
不利	x<13或x≥35	x<3000	x<-10	x<-8	x<1000	x<60	x≥60

条件	年平均气温/℃	≥10℃活动积温/℃·d	小叶种极端最低气温/℃	中叶种极端最低气温/℃	年降雨量/mm	相对湿度/%	日照百分率/%
适宜	15≤x<25	x≥5000	x≥-8	x≥-6	x≥1500	x≥78	x<45
可生	13≤x<15或25≤x<35	3000≤x<5000	-10≤x<-8	-8≤x<-6	1000≤x<1500	60≤x<78	45≤x<60
不利	x<13或x≥35	x<3000	x<-10	x<-8	x<1000	x<60	x≥60

项目	要素	50 m	300 m	500 m	700 m	900 m	1100 m
气候要素值	平均气温/℃	22.1	20.8	19.8	18.7	17.7	16.6
	≥10℃活动积温/℃·d	8035	7535	7135	6735	6335	5935
	相对湿度/%	77.4	81.5	84.8	88	91.3	94.5
	降雨量/mm	1533	1665	1770	1875	1980	2085
	日照百分率/%	49.2	48.1	47.1	46.2	45.2	44.3
	极端最低气温/℃	0.3	-3.9	-4.1	-5.0	-6.0	-8.5
要素适宜度	平均气温	1	1	1	1	1	1
	积温	1	1	1	1	1	1
	湿度	0.99	1	1	1	1	1
	降雨量	1	1	1	1	1	1
	日照	0.858	0.925	0.968	0.99	1	1
	极端最低	1	1	1	1	0.97	0.69
综合适宜度		0.94	0.97	0.98	0.99	0.99	0.87