Effect of Irrigation on Rice Grain Yield and Water Use Efficiency During Critical Growth Period Under Drought Stress

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0540

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to investigate the effect of irrigation of the critical growth period on rice grain yield and water use efficiency, rice cultivar 'Yuehesimiao' was conducted with five irrigation treatments, namely, irrigation during mid-tillering (IMT), irrigation during panicle initiation (IPI), irrigation during heading (IHD), and irrigation during panicle initiation and heading periods (IPI+IHD), and the whole growth period flooding irrigation (CK). The effects of irrigation at different growth periods on tiller number, plant height, photosynthesis, grain yield and water use efficiency of rice was studied. The results showed that compared with CK treatment, rice grain yield in IMT, IPI, IHD and IPI+IHD treatments decreased by 97.0%, 37.9%, 34.7% and 21.9%, respectively. Productive panicle number in IPI, IHD and IPI+IHD treatments decreased by 28.6%, 25.7% and 31.4%, respectively, but no significant difference in IMT treatment. Spikelet per panicle and panicle length in IMT and IHD treatments decreased by 49.0%, 20.0% and 13.9%, 6.4% respectively. No significant difference in plant height, spikelet per panicle and panicle length was observed in the IPI and IPI+IHD treatments relatively to control. The setting rate in the IHD and IPI+IHD treatments increased by 22.9% and 10.7%, respectively. The net photosynthetic rate in IPI, IHD and IPI+IHD treatments increased by 27.3%, 29.6% and 32.4%, stomatal conductance increased by 45.5%, 24.1% and 42.8%, and transpiration rate increased by 33.9%, 23.6% and 31.5%, respectively. Intercellular CO₂ concentration in IPI and IPI+IHD treatments increased by 0.8% and 4.1% respectively. Compared with the control, water use efficiency in IPI, IHD and IPI+IHD treatments increased by 13.6%, 19.9% and 14.6%, respectively. Irrigation during the mid-tillering period was beneficial to the increase of tiller number, irrigation during panicle initiation could increase the number of spikelets per panicle, and irrigation during heading period could increase the setting rate of rice. The panicle initiation and heading periods are critical periods for rice irrigation, which is conducive to minimizing the yield loss and improving water use efficiency. The results of the study are of great significance for water-saving, yield-enhancing and efficiency-enhancing rice cultivation in arid areas.

Key words: rice, mid-tillering period, panicle initiation period, heading period, critical growth period, irrigation, physiological traits, yield

WANG Junjiang, YIN Yuanhong, LU Chusheng, LU Zhanhua, CAI Haoyang, YE Qunhuan, LIAO Jiahui, LU Yusheng, LIANG Kaiming, FU Youqiang. Effect of Irrigation on Rice Grain Yield and Water Use Efficiency During Critical Growth Period Under Drought Stress[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2025, 41(8): 1-10.

Figures/Tables 8

References 38

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处理	有效穗数/（个/盆）	每穗粒数/（粒/穗）	结实率/%	千粒重/（g/1000粒）	籽粒重量/（g/盆）
CK	11.67±0.67 a	156.93±8.07 ab	67.53±1.80 b	20.74±0.14 a	25.53±1.53 a
IMT	12.00±0.58 a	79.97±8.40 c	5.93±0.80 c	15.86±1.29 c	0.76±0.12 d
IPI	8.33±0.33 b	163.28±18.74 a	66.44±9.32 b	18.18±0.12 b	15.85±1.07 c
IHD	8.67±0.33 b	125.55±8.93 b	83.00±3.40 a	20.26±0.26 a	16.68±0.64 c
IPI+IHD	8.00±0.00 b	173.59±2.29 a	74.76±1.30 ab	19.24±0.14 ab	19.93±0.44 b

处理	有效穗数/（个/盆）	每穗粒数/（粒/穗）	结实率/%	千粒重/（g/1000粒）	籽粒重量/（g/盆）
CK	11.67±0.67 a	156.93±8.07 ab	67.53±1.80 b	20.74±0.14 a	25.53±1.53 a
IMT	12.00±0.58 a	79.97±8.40 c	5.93±0.80 c	15.86±1.29 c	0.76±0.12 d
IPI	8.33±0.33 b	163.28±18.74 a	66.44±9.32 b	18.18±0.12 b	15.85±1.07 c
IHD	8.67±0.33 b	125.55±8.93 b	83.00±3.40 a	20.26±0.26 a	16.68±0.64 c
IPI+IHD	8.00±0.00 b	173.59±2.29 a	74.76±1.30 ab	19.24±0.14 ab	19.93±0.44 b

要素	产量	有效穗数	每穗粒数	结实率	千粒重	水分利用效率
产量	1
有效穗数	0.044	1
每穗粒数	0.757^**	-0.264	1
结实率	0.844^**	-0.386	0.628^**	1
千粒重	0.827^**	-0.054	0.585^*	0.767^**	1
水分利用效率	0.850^**	-0.407	0.733^**	0.981^**	0.743^**	1

要素	产量	有效穗数	每穗粒数	结实率	千粒重	水分利用效率
产量	1
有效穗数	0.044	1
每穗粒数	0.757^**	-0.264	1
结实率	0.844^**	-0.386	0.628^**	1
千粒重	0.827^**	-0.054	0.585^*	0.767^**	1
水分利用效率	0.850^**	-0.407	0.733^**	0.981^**	0.743^**	1