Effect of Improvement Measures on Desalting Effect of Heavy Saline-alkali Soil Under Winter Irrigation

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0724

Abstract

Abstract:

To determine the suitable improvement measures for heavy saline-alkali soil with clay interlayer in southern Xinjiang, this study took heavy saline-alkali interlayer soil as the research object, and analyzed the effects of different improvement measures on soil salinity and desalination effect under the same winter irrigation quota from 2020 to 2023. The results showed that by the end of winter irrigation in 2023, after three times of winter irrigation, perforated sand irrigation, perforated irrigation, ditching drilling sand irrigation and no-measure treatment were reduced from 11.37, 11.44, 8.81 and 13.50 g/kg to 3.35, 4.47, 1.54 and 7.17 g/kg, respectively. In particular, the rate of deep plowing treatment had decreased from 11.25 g/kg to 1.17 g/kg after four rounds of winter irrigation. Among all the improvement treatments, the desalination rates of deep ploughing and ditching drilling sand irrigation were the highest, which were 89.60% and 82.52%, respectively, while those of other improvement treatments were between 50.08% and 75.91%, while those of no measures and ditching treatments were 51.48% and 47.87%, respectively. The research showed that the improvement measures of deep ploughing, ditching and perforated sand irrigation could effectively reduce the salt content of heavy saline-alkali soil and significantly improve the desalination effect of heavy saline-alkali soil, and could reduce the heavy saline-alkali soil to a low salinity level after three to four winter irrigation. Considering the economic applicability and operability of the improvement measures, it was recommended that the improvement measures of perforated sand irrigation should be adopted for heavy saline-alkali soil with interlayer in this area.

Key words: winter irrigation, heavy saline-alkali soil, improvement measures, desalting effect, perforated sand irrigation, clay interlayer, Xinjiang

XIAO Jun, LIU Hongbo, LU Zhenlin, BAI Yungang, ZHANG Jianghui, ZHENG Ming. Effect of Improvement Measures on Desalting Effect of Heavy Saline-alkali Soil Under Winter Irrigation[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2025, 41(13): 110-121.

Figures/Tables 8

References 31

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土壤深度/cm	颗粒组成体积分数/%			质地	容重/(g/cm³)	初始含水率/(cm³/cm³)	田间持水量/(cm³/cm³)
土壤深度/cm	<0.002 mm	0.002~0.02 mm	0.02~2 mm	质地	容重/(g/cm³)	初始含水率/(cm³/cm³)	田间持水量/(cm³/cm³)
0~10	5.87	65.5	28.63	粉质黏土	1.65	0.056	0.352
10~20	5.51	65.38	29.11	粉质黏土	1.56	0.065	0.337
20~30	6.16	69.4	24.44	粉质黏土	1.51	0.073	0.33
30~40	5.88	68.07	26.05	粉质黏土	1.61	0.071	0.40
40~50	4.32	65.82	29.86	粉质黏土	1.38	0.063	0.329
50~60	5.77	74.03	20.2	粉质黏土	1.56	0.071	0.312
60~70	6.75	72.65	20.6	粉质黏土	1.73	0.069	0.284
70~80	4.68	62.12	33.2	粉质黏土	1.69	0.067	0.398
80~90	4.29	58.16	37.55	粉质黏土	1.55	0.063	0.41
90~100	5.41	71	23.59	粉质黏土	1.57	0.064	0.381

土壤深度/cm	颗粒组成体积分数/%			质地	容重/(g/cm³)	初始含水率/(cm³/cm³)	田间持水量/(cm³/cm³)
土壤深度/cm	<0.002 mm	0.002~0.02 mm	0.02~2 mm	质地	容重/(g/cm³)	初始含水率/(cm³/cm³)	田间持水量/(cm³/cm³)
0~10	5.87	65.5	28.63	粉质黏土	1.65	0.056	0.352
10~20	5.51	65.38	29.11	粉质黏土	1.56	0.065	0.337
20~30	6.16	69.4	24.44	粉质黏土	1.51	0.073	0.33
30~40	5.88	68.07	26.05	粉质黏土	1.61	0.071	0.40
40~50	4.32	65.82	29.86	粉质黏土	1.38	0.063	0.329
50~60	5.77	74.03	20.2	粉质黏土	1.56	0.071	0.312
60~70	6.75	72.65	20.6	粉质黏土	1.73	0.069	0.284
70~80	4.68	62.12	33.2	粉质黏土	1.69	0.067	0.398
80~90	4.29	58.16	37.55	粉质黏土	1.55	0.063	0.41
90~100	5.41	71	23.59	粉质黏土	1.57	0.064	0.381

土壤深度/cm	Cl^-/ (g/kg)	SO₄^2-/ (g/kg)	Ca²⁺/ (g/kg)	K⁺/ (g/kg)	Mg²⁺/ (g/kg)	Na⁺/ (g/kg)	HCO^3-/ (g/kg)	全氮/ (g/kg)	全磷/ (g/kg)	全钾/ (g/kg)	含盐量/ (g/kg)	pH
0~10	5.91	2.40	1.07	0.14	0.97	3.46	0.13	0.72	0.86	18.7	14.09	8.7
10~20	3.30	3.24	0.99	0.09	0.80	3.15	0.12	0.55	0.77	18.6	11.68	8.7
20~30	3.03	2.97	0.51	0.05	0.54	3.53	0.15	0.60	0.70	18.6	10.79	8.7
30~40	2.50	4.43	0.59	0.08	1.01	2.11	0.15	0.60	0.62	20.1	10.86	8.7
40~50	3.89	10.30	1.93	0.12	1.16	3.65	0.13	0.45	0.61	19.6	21.18	8.7
50~60	3.63	11.64	2.66	0.08	1.82	4.16	0.08	0.53	0.59	22.4	24.07	8.7
60~70	4.71	15.12	2.95	0.11	2.48	4.47	0.13	0.43	0.55	23.3	29.97	8.8
70~80	4.67	10.36	2.54	0.08	1.96	4.35	0.09	0.27	0.62	18	24.06	8.8
80~90	4.51	8.08	1.98	0.04	1.42	3.68	0.07	0.22	0.57	17.2	19.77	8.8
90~100	4.53	5.77	1.08	0.04	1.10	3.53	0.08	0.30	0.49	21.1	16.12	8.8

土壤深度/cm	Cl^-/ (g/kg)	SO₄^2-/ (g/kg)	Ca²⁺/ (g/kg)	K⁺/ (g/kg)	Mg²⁺/ (g/kg)	Na⁺/ (g/kg)	HCO^3-/ (g/kg)	全氮/ (g/kg)	全磷/ (g/kg)	全钾/ (g/kg)	含盐量/ (g/kg)	pH
0~10	5.91	2.40	1.07	0.14	0.97	3.46	0.13	0.72	0.86	18.7	14.09	8.7
10~20	3.30	3.24	0.99	0.09	0.80	3.15	0.12	0.55	0.77	18.6	11.68	8.7
20~30	3.03	2.97	0.51	0.05	0.54	3.53	0.15	0.60	0.70	18.6	10.79	8.7
30~40	2.50	4.43	0.59	0.08	1.01	2.11	0.15	0.60	0.62	20.1	10.86	8.7
40~50	3.89	10.30	1.93	0.12	1.16	3.65	0.13	0.45	0.61	19.6	21.18	8.7
50~60	3.63	11.64	2.66	0.08	1.82	4.16	0.08	0.53	0.59	22.4	24.07	8.7
60~70	4.71	15.12	2.95	0.11	2.48	4.47	0.13	0.43	0.55	23.3	29.97	8.8
70~80	4.67	10.36	2.54	0.08	1.96	4.35	0.09	0.27	0.62	18	24.06	8.8
80~90	4.51	8.08	1.98	0.04	1.42	3.68	0.07	0.22	0.57	17.2	19.77	8.8
90~100	4.53	5.77	1.08	0.04	1.10	3.53	0.08	0.30	0.49	21.1	16.12	8.8

冬灌次数	冬灌时间	土壤取样时间
冬灌次数	冬灌时间	灌前	灌后
第1次	2020.12.04	2020.12.01	2021.01.04
第2次	2021.12.10	2021.12.05	2022.01.10
第3次	2022.12.02	2022.11.28	2023.01.02
第4次	2023.12.12	2023.12.07	2024.01.16