Effect of Storage Years at Room Temperature on Seed Germination and Physiological Characteristics of Wild-type Vicia sativa

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0528

Abstract

Abstract:

To elucidate the effects of room-temperature storage duration on seed germination and physiological characteristics in wild-type Vicia sativa L., this study used seeds stored for 0-2 years to systematically determine dynamic changes in germination parameters, seed coat elemental composition, nutrient contents, antioxidant enzyme activities, and malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation. The results demonstrated that: (1) the hard seed rate significantly decreased (P<0.05) with increasing storage duration. Both germination percentage (98.52%) and germination potential (97.43%) peaked after 2 years of storage, while seed coat color shifted from gray to reddish-brown. (2) Seed coat calcium (Ca: 3911.64 μg/g) and aluminum (Al: 18.09 μg/g) contents significantly decreased (P<0.05), whereas potassium (K: 5152.93 μg/g), iron (Fe: 92.92 μg/g), and manganese (Mn: 37.43 μg/g) contents significantly increased. (3) Catalase (CAT) activity first increased then decreased, peaking at 346.76 μmol/g after 1 year. Peroxidase (POD) activity significantly declined (P<0.05) to its lowest (232.00 U/g) after 2 years. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity decreased overall, with the highest value (463.03 U/g) at initial storage (0 year). MDA content increased significantly (P<0.05), reaching 9.04 nmol/g at 2 years. (4) Soluble protein (SP) and starch contents initially rose then slightly declined, bottoming at 51.43 mg/g and 60.02 mg/g (respectively) after 2 years. Soluble sugar (SS) content increased steadily, peaking at 8.05 mg/g at 2 years. Lignin content in seed coats showed no significant change (P>0.05). (5) Correlation analysis revealed that germination potential, germination percentage, and MDA content were significantly negatively correlated (P<0.05) with the hard seed rate, and significantly positively correlated (P<0.05) with seed coat color. In conclusion, wild-type Vicia sativa seeds stored at room temperature for 2 years exhibit high vigor and are ideal sowing material.

Key words: wild-type Vicia sativa, room temperature storage, seed germination, enzyme activity, seed coat, MDA, hard seed

WANG Honglin, WU Zizhou, ZUO Yanchun, YAN Xu, YUAN Zhengcai, DENG Yuchuan, XIAO Lian, CHEN Hui, KOU Jing, DU Zhouhe. Effect of Storage Years at Room Temperature on Seed Germination and Physiological Characteristics of Wild-type Vicia sativa[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2025, 41(29): 15-23.

Figures/Tables 6

References 49

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贮藏年限/a	硬实率/%	发芽率/%	发芽势/%
0	100.00±0.00a	0.00±0.00c	0.00±0.00c
1	34.63±1.21b	65.15±2.35b	64.43±2.35b
2	0.00±0.00c	98.52±1.00a	97.43±0.22a

贮藏年限/a	硬实率/%	发芽率/%	发芽势/%
0	100.00±0.00a	0.00±0.00c	0.00±0.00c
1	34.63±1.21b	65.15±2.35b	64.43±2.35b
2	0.00±0.00c	98.52±1.00a	97.43±0.22a

贮藏年限/a	Mg		K		Ca			Fe		Na	Al
0	2149.51±90.25a		3226.31±155.8b		4852.13±398.56a			86.65±14.39b		25.30±12.88a	39.48±14.39a
1	1562.95±80.33c		5071.66±26.12a		4430.27±75.11b			88.89±6.14b		10.59±1.12b	21.22±2.14b
2	1758.34±50.25b		5152.93±68.34a		3911.64±66.78c			92.92±6.25a		9.95±1.58b	18.09±1.56c
贮藏年限/a	Cr		Mn		Cu			Zn		Co	Ni
0		0.44±0.06a		20.17±4.11c		3.68±0.65	7.83±1.86a		0.06±0.01b		0.96±0.19
1		0.27±0.02b		27.50±3.58b		3.96±0.45	5.78±1.02b		0.17±0.05a		0.94±0.03
2		0.25±0.04b		37.43±2.19a		3.30±0.36	5.75±0.86b		0.19±0.04a		1.04±0.05
贮藏年限/a		Sr		Mo		Ti	Sn		Ba		V
0		10.91±1.10a		0.52±0.15c		2.94±0.43	0.29±0.01		5.82±0.31		0.05±0.02
1		11.10±1.11a		1.56±0.16a		2.64±0.79	0.29±0.02		6.46±0.88		0.03±0.01
2		8.75±0.98b		1.34±0.28b		2.21±0.54	0.26±0.03		5.01±0.79		0.02±0.01

贮藏年限/a	Mg		K		Ca			Fe		Na	Al
0	2149.51±90.25a		3226.31±155.8b		4852.13±398.56a			86.65±14.39b		25.30±12.88a	39.48±14.39a
1	1562.95±80.33c		5071.66±26.12a		4430.27±75.11b			88.89±6.14b		10.59±1.12b	21.22±2.14b
2	1758.34±50.25b		5152.93±68.34a		3911.64±66.78c			92.92±6.25a		9.95±1.58b	18.09±1.56c
贮藏年限/a	Cr		Mn		Cu			Zn		Co	Ni
0		0.44±0.06a		20.17±4.11c		3.68±0.65	7.83±1.86a		0.06±0.01b		0.96±0.19
1		0.27±0.02b		27.50±3.58b		3.96±0.45	5.78±1.02b		0.17±0.05a		0.94±0.03
2		0.25±0.04b		37.43±2.19a		3.30±0.36	5.75±0.86b		0.19±0.04a		1.04±0.05
贮藏年限/a		Sr		Mo		Ti	Sn		Ba		V
0		10.91±1.10a		0.52±0.15c		2.94±0.43	0.29±0.01		5.82±0.31		0.05±0.02
1		11.10±1.11a		1.56±0.16a		2.64±0.79	0.29±0.02		6.46±0.88		0.03±0.01
2		8.75±0.98b		1.34±0.28b		2.21±0.54	0.26±0.03		5.01±0.79		0.02±0.01