Abstract: The cotton is planted wide in China, and the suitability varies in different area. Based on the previous research, a series of six indexes，scale priority index, yield per unit priority index, concentrated degree index, comprehensive priority index, were chosen to analyze the predominance cotton production and its variation is included from comprehensive priority index and another two index about the ratio of cotton to crop between 1989 and 2003. It indicates that there are seven preponderant provinces of cotton production in China and Tianjin will probably become a new and developing one. In general, the predominance of cotton production is changing and decreasing in the east, while it is increased in the northwest.