Abstract: The population dynamics of Aphis gossypii in rose mallow in Hefei has been studied. The results showed that the adults and larvae of A. gossypii occurred mainly in the period from the last ten-day of October to the first ten-day of December in rose mallow before over wintering, and the peak period of their occurrence was from the middle ten-day to the last ten-day of November. After the first ten-day of December, A. gossypii over wintered in the form of egg. The distribution pattern of A. gossypii population in rose mallow was aggregate and the distribution number was the greatest in the middle and the southern parts of rose mallow. The results of two-dimensional ordination showed that the population dynamics of A. gossypii in rose mallow could be classified into four major dynamic types of immigrating stage of adults, peak stage of adults and larvae, transition stage from adults and larvae to winter eggs and winter egg stage.