Abstract: The biological characteristics of Helminthosporium zizaniae Nisik were investigated. The results showed that the most suitable range of temperature is 10~30℃ and the optimum temperature is 25℃ for mycelial growth，the lethal temperature is 56℃ for conidiospore. Within the pH range of 3~12, the mycelium could grow and germinate conidiospore. The optimum pH is 6~9 for mycelial growth and germination of conidiospore, the conidiospore were promoted sporulation on the condition of partial alkaline. the optimum carbon sources for the mycelial growth was lactose，fructose is the best for the germination of conidiospore. the mycelial growth were promoted by Yeast extract as nitrogen source, Chloride and Yeast extract can promote the germination of conidiospore，but Beef extract and Potassium Nitrate don’t.