Abstract: Peasantry livelihood diversity of FengDu County has representation in the whole western area. However, case studies on the influence factors are scarce. Using Participatory Rural Appraisal method, this paper investigates the peasants’ livelihood and the influence factors of peasantry livelihood diversity in MingShan Town(LiangHuiKou, GuJiaDian, LuMingSi), SheTan Town(SanQiao, DeSheng, GanTan), WuPing Town(YinJiaBa, BaZhou) of FengDu County. The results show the factors included: nature resource, environment, manpower resource, substance element, society relationship, policy and so on.