Abstract: To protect Procapra praprzewalskii appointed as CR (Critically Endangered), twenty pairs of microsatellite primers from Granti’s gazelle and sheep separately were used to screen microsatellite locus in faecal DNA from Procapra praprzewalskii, eight polymorphism loci was found. The PCR amplified products of microsatellite loci were detected y non-denatured polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Gene heterozygosity (He), polymorphism information content (PIC) and effective number of allele (Ne) from the eight loci were calculated by allele numbers and allelic frequency. The heterozygosity (He) ranged from0.71 to 0.84, the average was 0.78; the PIC were from 0.79 to 0.66, their average was 0.73; and Ne were from 3.40 to 6.08, the average was 5.98;which showed the eight microsatellite loci had high or medium polymorphism in the Procapra raprzewalskii and had high genetic diversity. So the 8 loci were use to identify Individual, the result was 35 individuals from 39 faecal samples from Procapra praprzewalskii.