Abstract: Anti-drought fertilizer (ADF)can be made by adding some kinds of Organic and inorganic mineral and chemical fertilizers into super absorbent polymer by special techniques．The pot experiment on Maize was carried out to investigate water—retaining and fertilizer use effects of ADF under water-controlled conditions．The result showed that the ADF applied could improve the Maize plant yield significantly, water use efficiency and N element use efficiency .Compared to applying ordinary fertilizer，the Maize plant yield was increased by 14.8-27.2%,48.4%-68.8% in the water use efficiency, 24.5%-45.2% in N element use efficiency by applying anti-drought fertilizers.