Abstract: Abstract：In order to investigate the water stress on winter wheat grain-leaf ratio, photosynthesis and yield components, I studied two different types of species under the condition of the control. The results showed that: water stress can be led the total green area of the plant to a significant reduction in the soil relative water content range of 50 ~ 80%. The largest decrease is leaf organs. Pseudorasbora is the smallest decrease organ.When the soil moisture over 70% there was no significant difference.Water stress can greatly improve wheat grain-leaf ratio, but not the higher the better. The grain-leaf ratio should be stabilized at about 27 mg?cm-2, grain-source ratio should be stabilized at about 11.5 mg?cm-2. The flag leaf chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate should be reduced under water stress. the highest biological production and economic output are the 80% of the soil moisture, although appropriate water stress may well enhance the economic factor and the weight.The reduction under the water stress is mainly due to the reduction of per unit area of panicle,followed by the weight of tablets,then the impact of the smallest is grains.