Current issue

• 2009 Vol.25 No.9 Published:05 May 2009

  畜牧兽医科学

  The analysis of economy benefit with different production systems of finishing beef Zhang wei,, Zhu Yueming, Zhao Xingyou,, Wang Quanye,, Shen Yueyu, Mofang, 2009, 25 (9):  1-5.  Abstract + ( 1742 )   PDF ( 492458KB )   ( 1178 ) Basic on deeply investigate in beef production systems at Zhangye of Gansu province, Analyzing and comparing different house farmer and feedlot farm, included beef amount of keeping, feedstuff, cattle breed resource, calculating the economy benefit of different farm. The result showed that there was significantly increasing economy benefit with devotion of cost from feed. Results of this study suggest that the feedlot farm had a good benefit in different production systems of finishing beef.

  Foot and mouth diseases(FMD) and Advances in Inspection Technology in FMD 2009, 25 (9):  6-10.  Abstract + ( 1480 )   PDF ( 506300KB )   ( 1060 ) Foot-and-mouth diseasesincluding seven main blood serums, which has listed one of the most important infectious disease by OIE and our Government. recent years, it frequently breaks out ,and seriously threat Animal Production and human -self security, because it has many subtype, strong antigenic variation microorganism and wide host range.Foot-and-mouth ecological and common heathy meaning already acquired highly concern of mankind.The Paper has summarized the infection mechanism and some diagnosis and control measures of FMD.

  农业生物技术科学

  Using G. hirsutum×G. barbadense BC1 Populations Construction Genetic Linkage Map and Primary QTL Analysis of Yield Related Traits Li Junzhi,, Yang Zemao,, Li Junwen, Shi Yuzhen, Liu Aiying, Chen Qin,, Li Aiguo, Zhang Baocai, Liu Guangping, Jiang Jianxiong, Wang Tao, Yuan Youlu 2009, 25 (9):  11-18.  Abstract + ( 1676 )   PDF ( 1097875KB )   ( 930 ) Abstract: The G. hirsutum ZMS36 and the G. barbadense Hai1 were crossed to construct backcross populations (BC1F1, BC2F1, and BC1S1) with ZMS36 as recurrent parent. A total of 2102 pairs of SSR primer were used to screen polymorphism among the parents ZMS36, Hai 1 and their F1, which resulted in 317 pairs of polymorphic primer with the special band for Hai 1, and the polymorphism primer accounted for 15.08% of the total primer, and 275 of them were used to screen the BC1F1 population. Linkage test（LOD=6.5）indicated 254 of 306 polymorphic locus derived from 275 pairs of primer could be mapped into 42 linkage groups and covered a total genetic distance of 2252.36cM, approximately 50.05% of cotton genome. The number of the marker locus per linkage group was 6.08, which spanned 53.63cM of the cotton genome. And the average distance of the neighboring marker locus were 8.87cM. 16 QTLs for yield-related traits were detected from the three generations of BC1F1, BC2F1, and BC1S1 using CIM. QTL numbers for lint percentage, boll weight and seed index were 6, 6 and 4, respectively, which accounted for 5.77%～19.86% of phenotypic variance. Among the 16 QTLs, 9 with positive additive effect derived from ZMS36 and 7 QTLs with negative additive effect from Hai1, which indicates the materials with poor phenotypic characteristics may contain the useful gene for improving the same traits. 3 QTLs for lint percentage could be stably detected in the different generations, and from high-value parent of ZMS36, which should be useful for the marker-assisted selection.

  Effects of ethylene，kinetin and 6-BA on the morphological and biochemical composition of mung bean seedlings 2009, 25 (9):  19-25.  Abstract + ( 1761 )   PDF ( 657475KB )   ( 944 ) Abstract： By the growth chamber method, the effects of ethylene (ETH)，kinetin (KT),6-BA and their compound ETH-KT,ETH-6-BA on the morphological features, biochemical composition, endogenous hormones and tissue structure of mung bean seedlings were investigated. In order to provide the support of theory and technology for mung bean sprout production.Compared to the control, the number of lateral roots was reduced, the growth of roots and hypocotyls were suppressed and the diameter of hypocotyls was increased four five treatments（P<0.05）.Their regulation effects were ETH-6-BA>ETH-KT>ETH>6-BA>KT respectively. The length of hypocotyls was suppressed at 35.78 %, the diameter of hypocotyls was increased at 26.51 %, the length of root was suppressed at 65.43 % and the secondary roots were inhibited completely by ETH-6-BA respectively. The biochemical composition and endogenous hormones in mung bean seedlings were changed for five treatments（P<0.05）.The regulation effects were ETH>ETH-KT>ETH—6-BA respectively. The soluble protein content was increased at 25.1%, the soluble sugar content was increased at 66.07%, and Vitamin C content was increased at 163.9% by ETH. The endogenous hormones in mung bean seedlings were changed for five treatments. The indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) content were decreased at 88.8 % and 33.3%, while ZR content were decreased at 35.3% 和22.8% by 6-BA and ETH-6-BA respectively. ABA content was improved at 156.9% by ETH-6-BA. The thickened effect of ETH on the hypocotyls diameter was explained by increasing number of pith cells and decreasing area of single cortex cell, showed the area of the marrow and cambium increased. Theirs effects of 6-BA and ETH-6-BA was by increasing the area of single pith cells and cortex cells, and increasing the area all of marrow, cambium and the cortical area.

  QTL Mapping for Cadmium Tolerance in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Seedling 2009, 25 (9):  26-31.  Abstract + ( 1924 )   PDF ( 673063KB )   ( 1052 ) [Objective]Research was done to detect the QTLs of tolerance to heavy metal cadmium in rice accessions.[Method](1) A recombinant inbred lines (RILs) including the population of 123 F10, which were derived from a cross between Indica rice Lemont（Cd Tolerance，USA）and Japonica rice Dular（Cd sensitive rice, India）was employed to investigate the genes in rice related to heavy metal cadmium (Cd) stress. All rice lines including parents were grown in Hoaglland solution with 0.2mg/L additional cadmium, and all entries grown in Hoaglland solution without additional cadmium were serviced as control. (2)The chlorophyll content (CC), root length (RL), shoot heigh (SH), leaf length (LL) were determined and transformed to Index of Cd Tolerance (ICT) for QTL location involving 109 SSR markers by composite interval mapping (CIM). Nine additive QTLs were detected and mapped to chromosome 1, 2, 3, 11, respectively. Three QTLs, which were evaluated by ICT from the CC and located on chromosome 2, 3 and 11, explained 14%, 9% and 9% of the phenotypic variation, respectively. One QTL, which was detected by ICT from the RL and mapped to chromosomes 1, accounted for 9% of the phenotypic variation. Three QTLs, which were evaluated by ICT from the SH and mapped to chromosomes 1,1,11, contributed 10%, 27%, 10% to the total phenotypic variation. Two QTLs by the ICT from the LL were located on chromosome1 and 11, and accounted for 21% and 12% of the phenotypic variation. The result showed that seven out of nine QTLs associated with Cd tolerance were located on chromosome 1 and 11, of which 4 QTLs were on chromosome 1 and 3 QTLs were on chromosome 11. （Conclusion）It was found that that some QTLs associated with Cd tolerance were located in the same marker intervals on chromosome 1 and 11, implying that they maybe different alleles with the same functions or may be the same gene in different performent manners. At the same time, it suggested that the indexes was approciate and feasible.

  Effects of Different Temperatures on POD Activities and Isozymatic Patterns during Early Somatic Embryogenesis in Longan CHEN Yi-Ting , , , , , , 2009, 25 (9):  32-37.  Abstract + ( 1848 )   PDF ( 697913KB )   ( 908 ) The LC2 embryogenic cell line of the cultivar Honghezi of longan was used as materials for obtaining the synchronized embryogenic cultures of early somatic embryogenesis at different developmental stages which were treated with different temperatures (20 ℃ and 30 ℃，compared with 25 ℃) for analyses of the peroxidase (POD) activities and isozymatic patterns during longan early somatic embryogenesis. The results showed that with the differentiation of embryogenic callus，all the POD activities of the embryogenic cultures treated with three different temperatures decreased, and the POD activitives of the embryogenic cultures treated with high ( 30 ℃) or relatively low (20 ℃) temperatures at the successive developmental stages during early somatic embryogenesis showed higher than the comparison (25 ℃); the treatment of the temperature also had a great impact on the POD isozymatic patterns with the performance of the new bands for the emergence, which might be concluded that the changes of POD activities and isozymatic patterns in a law played a key role in the differentiation of early somatic embryogenesis, and keeping the normal development of somatic embryogenesis in longan.

  Ａ Research About Rapid Propagation of Clerodendranthus spicatus(Thunb.)C.Y.Wu in Hainan through Tissue Culture Yu Xu-Dong , , , , 2009, 25 (9):  38-42.  Abstract + ( 1356 )   PDF ( 542030KB )   ( 936 ) [Objective] Studies the best material and the best hormone matching and the best medium on tissue culture and practices seeding and transplant of the Clerodendranthus spicatus.’s in Hainan . Satisfies the industrial production tea of the Clerodendranthus spicatus. to seedling's demand. [Method] Using the stem tips and the stem nodes and the inter-nodes and the new leaves of Clerodendranthus spicatus.in Hainan as explants . Using MS as basic medium, the effects of different concentrations and different types of phytohormone on the germination of stem segment and axillary bud, proliferation of callus and rooting of tufty buds were compared. [Result]The explants disinfection method to be possible to use 70% ethyl alcohol and 0.1% HgCl2 solution minute time interval carries on; The best material is the stem point; The optimum medium for induction was MS+ NAA0.1mg/L +6-BA1.0 mg/L, the optimum medium for subculture proliferation was MS+ NAA0.5mg/L+6-BA1.0mg/L or 2,4-D0.5mg/L+6-BA 1.0mg/L and the optimum medium for rooting of stem segment was 1/2MS+ CM10%+NAA0.1mg/L.[Conclusion] The success has established the Clerodendranthus spicatus in Hainan tissue culture quick numerous technology system, grasped has practiced the related technology which seeding and transplanted.

  SSR Markers for Resistance Gene to Cercospora sojina Hara Race 1 2009, 25 (9):  43-46.  Abstract + ( 1534 )   PDF ( 872734KB )   ( 709 ) In aim to find the SSR markers linked to resistance gene against frogeye leaf spot in Chinese soybean, Bulked segregant analysis was applied to F5 populations derived from cross between the resistant line DongNong40566 and the susceptible line DongNong410, self-crossing for three generations after F2. These SSR markers including Satt565、SOYGPATR and Satt396 were identified from500 SSR markers, the linkage order was Satt565—SOYGPATR—Hrcs1—Satt396, and the distance to the resistance locus was 12.7、6.5、14.7cM respectively. These three markers and the resistance locus were mapped to soybean linkage group C1.

  Construction of plant expression vector of pCAMBIA2300-betA-BADH 2009, 25 (9):  47-50.  Abstract + ( 1652 )   PDF ( 1060936KB )   ( 1804 ) Abstract: The choline dehydrogenase（CDH）gene and the betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase（BADH）gene are the key genes of the glycine betaine’s synthesis pathway. They were cloned into the vector pCAMBIA2300-35s-OCS.They were tandem and have their respective promoters and terminators. The vector pCAMBIA2300-betA-BADH was transformed into the Agrobactrium tumefaciens GV3101, LBA4404 and will be used in the genetic transformation of the dicotyledons.

  Separation of Active Compounds Against Pyricularia oryzae from sponge-associated actinobacteria Streptomyces sp. A01059 2009, 25 (9):  51-54.  Abstract + ( 1521 )   PDF ( 499298KB )   ( 894 ) Abstract: OBJECTIVE The fermentation broth of marine sponge-associated actinobacteria Streptomyces sp. A01059 was studied for the valuable active compounds which against rice blast; METHOD The fermentation broth was extracted with ethyl acetate, then activity-guided method was used to analysis the extraction and the active compounds were obtained by preparative liquid chromatography; RESULTS Two active compounds were obtained and the molecular weight were 508 and 522, respectively; CONCLUSION The metabolites of Streptomyces sp. A01059 were studied in this paper for the first time systematically, and a new method was provided to control rice blast.

  食品科学

  The Inhibitory Effects of Salicylic Acid on Familiar Food Pollutant Bacteria 2009, 25 (9):  55-57.  Abstract + ( 2005 )   PDF ( 451239KB )   ( 858 ) Staphylococcus aureus,Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia.coli were treated by salicylic acid with different concentrations，discussed inhibitory effect and calculated the rate of inhibition with the different concentrations of the salicylic acid solution. The result showed that: The salicylic acid has the very obvious inhibitory effects to Staphylococcus aureus,Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia.coli; Moreover its inhibitory effects presents the density effect. The bacteriostasis effect is getting more and more obvious with the concentration increase of salicylic acid. The inhibitory effect is strongest to Staphylococcus aureus，and second to Bacillus subtilis, and weakest to Escherichia.coli.

  农业基础科学

  Genotype and Environmental Variation of Yield-related Triats of Early Hybrid Rice in Longyan fujian liguangchang 2009, 25 (9):  58-64.  Abstract + ( 1310 )   PDF ( 472592KB )   ( 703 ) Abstract: Based on the data collected from the early rice joint regional trials from 1997 to 2002 in Longyan’s six different ecological conditions,such as Xinluo,Changting,Liancheng,Shanghang, Wuping and Zhangping,the genotype and the environment variation of yield,growth period,effective ear,plant high,spikete length,total grains per spikete,filled grains per spikete, rate of seed setting,1000-grain weight were analyzed by AMMI model and the corresponding statistical analysis method. The results indicated that the environment and genotype-environment interaction (G×E) effect has a large effect on the nine main traits.Among them, plant high was mainly controlled by genotype, yield, spikete length,total grains per spikete and filled grains per spikete were mainly controlled by environment, growth period,effective ear, rate of seed setting,1000-grain weight were mainly controlled by genotype-environment interaction (G×E) effect.In most years,all the stability of filled grains per spikete, total grains per spikete ,yield were the lowest,and cultivation environment and G×E interaction effect had a great effect ;1000-grain weight, spikete length, growth period,effective ear had relative stability and cultivation environment and G×E interaction effect had a little effect.In the future,breeding,introduction and using early hybrid rice varieties which were suitable for Longyan city must consider the traits of genotype,environment and genotype-environment interaction effect for increasing efficiency.

  The study of the formation of wheat haploid induced from the wheat and maize hybrid 2009, 25 (9):  65-69.  Abstract + ( 1305 )   PDF ( 457256KB )   ( 670 ) Abstract：Distant hybridization based on the use of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) is a important way of obtaining the haploid wheat. It is the double haploid plants are received and a high efficiency way to heredity population of wheat. which is used to construct the resistant midge DH population of wheat, in the greenhouse in the experiment of 5 groups of Resistance, susceptible wheat midge hybrid in order to induce the formation of the wheat haploid. Turns out: different types of genes have much influence on inducing the formation of wheat haploid; the suitable time to the pollinated wheat is 6-36 hours; the suitable amount of 2.4-D drug is 10-30mg/L; The appropriate time for stripping embryo culture is 14-16 days. The stem has the good inducement effect under the isolated culture condition after the pollination. The appropriate temperature is 20-250C. Methods and conditions for inducing the wheat haploid plants in a greenhouse are given in this study.

  Effect of effective accumulated temperature on the quality of seed from different positions on the Cistanche tubulosa inflorescence Yan yan , 2009, 25 (9):  70-73.  Abstract + ( 1639 )   PDF ( 579609KB )   ( 795 ) To explore the effect of effective accumulated temperature on the quality of seed from different positions on the Cistanche tubulosa inflorescence, the effective accumulated temperature of the development of capsule, size and germination of seed from different positions on the inflorescence were measured. The results indicated that it was different effective accumulated temperature of capsule from different positions on the inflorescence, the effective accumulated temperature of the middle capsule increased by 104 ℃ than that of the upper capsule, the ratio with the seed size bigger than 0.7mm and 0.5~0.7mm in the middle capsule was higher than that of the upper capsule, weight per thousand seeds and germination of the seed in middle capsule were higher than those of the seed in the basal and upper capsule. The difference of effective accumulated temperature of capsule development is one of the important factors causing the different quality of seed from different positions on the C. tubulosa inflorescence.

  Study on the condition of fermentation producing cellulase by Aspergillus niger 2009, 25 (9):  74-77.  Abstract + ( 1635 )   PDF ( 666885KB )   ( 1070 ) Abstract: The aim of the study was to provide foundation for the practical application of Aspergillus niger.The optimal culture conditions for the production of cellulases by being liquid fermentation use Aspergillus niger CZ2 . Results indicate that the highest level of cellulase activity is induced in the compound cabon source of wheat bran and corncob, and their optimal ration is 4:3, kalium nitricum are the best nitrogen source, and their optimal ration is1:4, the optimal ratio of C:N is 5:1, and the optimal mass concentration is 4%, the optimal conditions of enzyme were pH 5.8, The optimal culture temperature was 30 ℃, the optimal time is 5d. The activities of cellulose compositions reached the maximal values.In the optimal culture condition,the activities of CMcase and FPAase were 66.41 U/mL, and 61.73 U/mL respectively.

  林业科学

  The Environmental Effects And Their Comprehensive Assessment On Rural CourtyardGreening Types 2009, 25 (9):  78-82.  Abstract + ( 1447 )   PDF ( 654761KB )   ( 980 ) Rural courtyard greening plays an important role in beautifying the human habitat in rural district. In this paper, the rural courtyard greening practice in Anqiu city, Shandong province’s was taken as an example, 4 courtyard greening types, including the natural greening type, the park essay type, the fruit forest type and bare land type, were summarized, and their environment effects and integral assessments were carried out. The result indicates that the natural greening type and the park essay type have better benefits on regulating air temperature , humidity, carbon fixing, and reducing noise.

  Research of the Aeroanion Concentration in Shenyang EXPO Park 2009, 25 (9):  83-85.  Abstract + ( 1513 )   PDF ( 508000KB )   ( 813 ) This paper studied the aeroanion concentration in Shenyang EXPO Park. According to observation，conclusions are the following：(1)The air in the park is very clean and the aeroanion concentration is twice the residential areas in urban. (2)It was showed that the aeroanion concentration changed obviously during a day. The concentration was higher in early morning and midnight, and the ability of air was better. In mid-day, the air-anion concentration was lower. (3)The aero-anion concentration was obvious difference in different environment of recreation. By the aero-anion concentration, the descending order is follows: waterside, forests, woodside square, spacious lawn, greenhouse. (4)There was obvious negative correlation between aeroanion concentration and temperature and obvious positive correlation between aeroanion concentration and humidity of air.

  Dynamic analysis of Camptothecin in the different strains Camptotheca acuminata’s branch leaves in the condition of cultivation 2009, 25 (9):  86-90.  Abstract + ( 1398 )   PDF ( 569974KB )   ( 806 ) Abstract: Compared to Camptotheca acuminata Decne come from Sichuan (SC),the content of camptothecin (CPT) in different canopy of plant C. acuminata ‘Hisun-I’(HI) branch leaves in the whole growing season of three years have been detected dynamically by HPLC. The results showed that the content of CPT in HI was higher than SC. According to the demand of downstream extraction technology, the harvest seasons of HI should be june or september. The branch leaves of HI was suitable for consecutive years harvesting，and the harvest cutting cycle shuould be between eight and ten years.

  农艺科学

  Research Advances in Allicin 2009, 25 (9):  97-101.  Abstract + ( 1854 )   PDF ( 561617KB )   ( 2820 ) Allicin is the main active components of garlic and has been the concern of the researchers at home and abroad. This article summarized the formation of allicin, the chemical structure and the impact of allicin activity factors, the features, the function, the development and utilization of allicin, and offered our views on the direction of future study.

  The Primary Report on Appliance of New Type Medium in Flue—cured Tobacco production ,YANG quanliu quanliu , , , , , 2009, 25 (9):  102-105.  Abstract + ( 1506 )   PDF ( 484949KB )   ( 717 ) Abstract：To decrease the reliance on peat of flue—cured tobacco seedling,the new type medium which substituted completely the peat in the substrate formula was studied.The results showed that the seedling stages of 2 new mediums were the same of the check,and the growth and development of seedling of T1 was the worst,the difference of T2 and check were not obvious.The seedling ratio of the check was ranked the first ,of T2 was the second , of T1 was the last.The matured seedling diathesis quality of T2 and check, with more lateral roots,was better than that of T1.The yield, produce value,average price super class leaf ratio,high and middle grade leaf ratio of T2 were the highest,but contrasted with the check,the difference was not significant.

  Breeding and High-yield Cultivation Technology of Brassica napus cultivar Shuangyou No.8 with High Oil Content 2009, 25 (9):  106-109.  Abstract + ( 1715 )   PDF ( 535488KB )   ( 860 ) Shuangyou No.8, a new semi-winter Brassica napus cultivar with high oil content, high quality, high yield, resistant to virus disease, tolerance to Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum and extensive adaptability, was bred by Institute of industrial Crops Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences. The average yield was 2541.0 kg/hm2 in Henan province regional test of high quality, 20.67% higher than the check variety Yuyou No.2. Its yield was 2704.8 kg/hm2 in Henan province productive regional test of high quality, 7.06% higher than it out yielded the check variety Yuyou No.2. The seeds quality was very good in which near zero erucic acid in fat acid, 20.96 μmol/g glucosinolates in its meal, the oil content was 46.35%. Its high-yield can be obtained by sowing at right time, cultivating strong seedlings, rational density and application fertilizer and water management and disease, pest and weed control in time. It was registered and released in 2007. Shuangyou No.8 is a excellent cultivar with extensive use in agricultural production.

  Comparisons of germination percentage between Coix Agrextis Lour and Coix lacryma-jobi L zhanghuafeng , , , 2009, 25 (9):  110-113.  Abstract + ( 1604 )   PDF ( 436183KB )   ( 826 )

  植物生理科学

  Physiological Responses to Drought Stress of Warm-Season Forage Grasses 2009, 25 (9):  114-119.  Abstract + ( 1503 )   PDF ( 695000KB )   ( 936 ) In order to evaluation the effects of drought stress, relative water content, photosynthetic parameter, content of free praline and content of malondiadiadehyde of four forage grasses were analyzed, with the experiment on pot culture with water stress in southwest area. The results indicated that with continuous lasting of drought time, four warm-season forage grasses all displayed the similar physiological characteristics, i.e. decreasing of relative water content, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and cond, increasing of content of free praline and malondiadiadehyde. However, the four warm-season forage grasses showed different physiological reaction to the drought stress, and different recovery abilities after re-irrigation. Through comparing the indexes and giving a comprehensive appraisal, the results indicated that the order of drought of forage grasses was Panicum . virgatum L.＞ Paspalum urville S. ＞ Setaria anceps＞ Paspalum dilatatum Poir.

  Effects of Grain-leaf Ratio and Yield Components of Winter Wheat under Water Stress 2009, 25 (9):  120-125.  Abstract + ( 1479 )   PDF ( 625748KB )   ( 840 ) Abstract：In order to investigate the water stress on winter wheat grain-leaf ratio, photosynthesis and yield components, I studied two different types of species under the condition of the control. The results showed that: water stress can be led the total green area of the plant to a significant reduction in the soil relative water content range of 50 ~ 80%. The largest decrease is leaf organs. Pseudorasbora is the smallest decrease organ.When the soil moisture over 70% there was no significant difference.Water stress can greatly improve wheat grain-leaf ratio, but not the higher the better. The grain-leaf ratio should be stabilized at about 27 mg?cm-2, grain-source ratio should be stabilized at about 11.5 mg?cm-2. The flag leaf chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate should be reduced under water stress. the highest biological production and economic output are the 80% of the soil moisture, although appropriate water stress may well enhance the economic factor and the weight.The reduction under the water stress is mainly due to the reduction of per unit area of panicle,followed by the weight of tablets,then the impact of the smallest is grains.

  Cold Resistant Prediction of Tea Germplasm Resources Applied by Anatomical Structure Index of Leaves DING Zhao-tang 2009, 25 (9):  126-130.  Abstract + ( 1440 )   PDF ( 522778KB )   ( 896 ) Anatomical structure of leaves sampled from fifty specimens of tea germplasm resources, which had distinct phenotypic character and were selected from the species of Huangshan population, were analyzed. The results indicated that five ratio of those gemplasms varied significantly, including palisade tissue thickness to spongy tissue thickness (X1), upper epidermis thickness to spongy tissue thickness (X2), palisade tissue thickness to total thickness (X3), horny layer thickness to total thickness (X4), and spongy tissue thickness to total thickness (X5). The computing formula of anatomical structure index of leaves (Y) was made to be Y = 0.5X1 + 0.2X2 + 0.2X3 + 0.05X4 + 0.05X5. Those germplasms could be clustered to three different groups, among which thirty germplasms belonged to the first group and the second group were predicted to have strong resistance to cold. The evaluation system built by anatomical structure index of leaves could be used to identify cold resistance in period of young seedling.

  The Effects Of Allogenic Material On Cold -Resistance Of Tomato Seedlings Cao Yongxiang,, Zhang Xichun, Gao Jie 2009, 25 (9):  131-135.  Abstract + ( 1530 )   PDF ( 645688KB )   ( 879 ) The tomatoes were selected as the experimental material, effect of treat with different concentrations of exogenous growth regulators on physiological reaction during the seedling. It was showed that the cold resistance was increased through the abscisic acid, salicylic acid, paclobutrazol, jasmonic acid, and the cold resistance was increased in higher concentrations. Conductivity in the seedlings was reducing significantly in 200ug/g ABA and 400mg/L salicylic acid. With growth of induced concentrations, proline and soluble proteoglycan were higher than in the control, but peroxydase was decreased. Following the 100 ug/g or 150 ug/g ABA, 300 mg/L salicylic acid, 60 mg/L paclobutrazol and 200 mg/L jasmonic acid treatment, the proline and soluble proteoglycan in seedlings increased to maximum, comparing to that in the control respectively. In addition, there are different effects of exogenous growth regulators on varieties but enhance cold-resistance were appearance.

  Effect of phosphinothricin on growth of cotton seedling roots and its physiological mechanism 2009, 25 (9):  136-139.  Abstract + ( 1409 )   PDF ( 496175KB )   ( 884 ) After use of PPT,it is apt to accumulate,but its effect on cotton root growth was not reported at present.Therefore, this paper studied effects of different PPT concentrations on root growth and development under hydroponic cultur in greenhouse. The results showed that the total root surface area,total root length and total root volume significantly decreased when PPT concentration was 1 mg?L-1, to maximum at 5 mg?L-1 concentration of PPT. The activity of glutamine synthetase was reduced significantly as the concentration of PPT rised. It maybe ammonium’s accumulation inhibited root growth , thus decreased the activity of root and glutamine synthetase .

  Study on callus differentiation and antibiotic resistance of sweet potato 2009, 25 (9):  140-143.  Abstract + ( 1919 )   PDF ( 442865KB )   ( 926 ) To study the resistance of ipomoea batatas callus to the antibiotics and their differentiation under various combination of hormones, the growth condition of the ipomoea batatas callus of different origin on MS medium added with different antibiotic and different combinations of NAA, BAP and 2,4-D was observed. All ipomoea batatas strains grew well on MS medium with 100mg/L carbenicilin. However, only nanshu-99 and mianfen-7 showed good resistance on MS medium with carbenicilin more than 500mg/L. The differentiation rate could reach 100% when NAA（0.1mg/L）and BAP（≧1.0mg/L）were used together. The combination of BAP（0.1mg/L）and different concentrations of NAA could just yield extremely low differentiation rate.

  The effects of copper stress on the growth and physiological characteristics for C. communis 2009, 25 (9):  144-147.  Abstract + ( 1417 )   PDF ( 546330KB )   ( 825 ) Abstract: The effect of different concentrations Cu2+ on the growth and physiological characteristics for C. communis were studied by pot experiments in this article. Cu2+ concentration used for the experiments was 20,50,100,200,400mg/L, respectively, and the deionized water was control group.The results showed that C.communis watered by 5 different concentrations Cu2+ solution could grow normally. Comparing with the control group, C. communis grew quickly in the early period, but slowed down in the later period. With the increasing of Cu2+ concentration, the average height was increasing in the higher concentration. After various concentrations of Cu2+ treatment, SOD enzyme activities and proline contents of C. communis leaves were promoted gradually. Variance anlysis results showed that there were no significant difference among all treatments groups for SOD enzyme activities and proline contents. But the biomass of the upground and underground parts decreased with the increasing of Cu2+ concentration. This results indicated C.communis presented strong resistance to Cu2+ stress, which resisted heavy metal Cu2+ toxicity action through promoting the proline contents and SOD enzyme activities and the physiological response in the body

  Effects of Exogenous Polyamine Osmotica Regulation in Wheat Seedling leaves under Drought Stress 2009, 25 (9):  148-151.  Abstract + ( 1369 )   PDF ( 475986KB )   ( 898 ) An experiment was conducted to study the effect of exogenous Putrescine on membrane lipid peroxidation and soluble organic osmoticum in wheat seedling leaves under drought stress induced by polyethylene glycol (PEG-6000). The results showed that the soluble sugar contents, Free proline contents and free amino contents were markedly increased that the ones were 1.73 times, 9.51 times and 1.5 times than that of control, malondialdehyde（MDA）contents and membrane permeability（PMP）were significantly decreased, which were 82% and 84.5% lower than those of MDA and PMP in the control, the grade of membrane lipid peroxidation was significantly reduced. The above results indicate that exogenous Putrescine could improve osmotic adjustment ability of winter wheat seedling leaves under drought stress and increase drought tolerance of plant.

  土壤肥料科学

  Chasing after executeing nitrogenous fertilizer adjust triticale light and shuts the property effect 2009, 25 (9):  152-156.  Abstract + ( 1232 )   PDF ( 494404KB )   ( 567 )

  Spatial variability of tobacco soil pH and middle-elements 2009, 25 (9):  157-160.  Abstract + ( 1500 )   PDF ( 494404KB )   ( 716 ) In order to promote the accurate management and fertilization of tobacco soil, spatial analysis on tobacco soil pH and middle-element was made by GIS and geostatistics in the tobacco region of Changtu, Liaoning province. The results showed that, the semivariograms for soil pH, available Ca, Mg and S contents were well fitted by exponential, spherical, gaussian and gaussian models, respectively. The four variables all had the moderate spatial correlation, indicating them co-affected by structural factors and random factors such as fertilization and field managements. The spatial distribution pattern of tobacco soil pH and available middle-elements in the tobacco region of Changtu was intuitively characterized by Kriging interpolation, which provided scientific basis for tobacco field management by regions.

  Effects of dissolved organic matter extracted from earthworm casts on the ryegrass growth 2009, 25 (9):  161-164.  Abstract + ( 1558 )   PDF ( 561765KB )   ( 618 ) Effects of dissolved organic matter (DOM), extracted from earthworm casts and cattle manure, on the ryegrass growth were studied under hydroponics condition. There were five treatments of two different concentration of DOM extracted from earthworm casts and cattle manure (10g earthworm casts or cattle manure DOM, 20g earthworm casts or cattle manure DOM) and the control, The results show that DOM extracted from earthworm casts significantly increased biomass of shoots and roots of ryegrass, and length, surface area, volume, and number of tips of the root system (p＜0.05); the growth of the root was promoted more significantly than the shoot; each indicator reached the maximum quantity under the treatment of 20 g earthworm casts DOM, which explained that the earthworm casts DOM significantly promote the ryegrass growth than cattle manure DOM. In addition, the high concentration of DOM had better effects on the ryegrass growth than the low concentration of DOM. Overall, it could be inferred that the earthworm casts DOM significantly promote the growth of plants.

  Chemical Indices Heterogeneity of Urban Green Space in Bengbu JIAN Xing , 2009, 25 (9):  165-168.  Abstract + ( 1412 )   PDF ( 442099KB )   ( 834 ) This study investigates the several chemical indices of urban green space soil in Bengbu,including soil organic matter, NH4+-N, available P, pH, total salt content. The soil chemical indices which come from different greenbelts types present the heterogeneity through analysing the variation coefficient.The correlation analysis of soil chemical indices indicates that there is nonsignificant correlation among these soil chemical indices except pH and total salt content.The conclusion is brought forward that the uban green space soil nutrients have spacial variability even if it is a small range in city. The reason maybe comes from the soil original background and jamming intensity.

  园艺园林科学

  Metabolism of Proanthocyanidins in Grape 2009, 25 (9):  169-173.  Abstract + ( 1718 )   PDF ( 498894KB )   ( 1482 ) Proanthocyanidins, a class of bioflavanoids found in many plants, can work as an effective antioxidant and eliminate free radicial etc., which have made it to be developed into nutritional or therapeutic supplements in the World. Among the fruit crops, grape seed is the most common and richest source of proanthocyanidins, and has gain attention of medical researchers and nutritionists. The collection of the information about the metabolism of proanthocyanidins in grape and some related scientific research discoveries can be great help to us for the regulation of the metabolic pathway, more efficient utilization of proanthocyanidins, and the improvement of grape quality, based on which we briefly introduce the molecular structures, the classification, and the metabolic pathway of proanthocyanidins. The research advances of the important enzymes involved in the metabolic pathway are also emphasized.

  Establishment of In Vitro Rapid Propagation System on Virus-free Bulblets of Lilium spp. 2009, 25 (9):  174-178.  Abstract + ( 1504 )   PDF ( 563494KB )   ( 836 ) Virus-free in vitro bulblets rapid propagation system was established by optimizing the medium accretion and transplantation matrix of the bulbs after heat treatment using Lilium Longiflorum bulbs with virus as experimental material. The results showed that the regeneration rate was up to more than 86% when added MS with phytohormone NAA and KT which can promote the bulblets formation. The best bulblets formation was observed in the medium with 0.4mg?L-1 KT and 0.2mg?L-1 NAA. Optimum bulblet enlargement was observed in medium with Paclobutrazol 5mg/L, while Paclobutrazol in concentration 3mg?L-1 was propitious to bulblet formation. The bulblets enlargement can not be affected significantly by AC, but the quality of bulblets can be enhanced in the medium with appropriate concentration of AC. Medium with higher concentration sucrose can promote bulblet enlargement but inhibit bulblet formation. The best matrix for the highest surviving rate and best growth situation was pearlite/soil (3:1). The number of bulb scales surviving and regenerating decreased significantly as the increasing of days after the treatment of high temperature 37oC. The regeneration rate can be about 40% for 20days. The effectiveness of eliminating LSV with the method got to more than 95% which was significantly higher compared with the control.

  Research Progress of Gene Transformation in fruit tree using Agrobacterium tumefaciens 2009, 25 (9):  179-183.  Abstract + ( 1377 )   PDF ( 503972KB )   ( 1109 ) Agrobacterium-mediated method has broad application prospects in the genetic improvement of fruit trees. The Agrobacterium-mediated receptor system has protoplast receptor systems, callus receptor systems, direct bud differentiation receptor system and embryoid Body systems.The factors of affecting the frequency of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation include infection, antibiotics, genotype.Commonly methods of testing include GUS activity detection, PCR technology, hybridization, and immunological detection. This article is reviewed on the Agrobacterium-mediated in a variety receptor system of fruit trees,transforming ways, main factors affecting transfermation of fruit genes and the detections and so on, and provide reference for different fruit trees to establish highly efficient gene transfer systems.

  Effects of Varieties and Harvest Time on Fruit Quality of Zizyphus Jujuba Mill. 2009, 25 (9):  184-187.  Abstract + ( 1685 )   PDF ( 500614KB )   ( 696 ) ‘Liwuchangzao’jujube,‘Dongzao’jujube and‘Lizao’jujube were used as materials in this paper. The effects of harvest time on ‘Liwuchangzao’ jujube quality and the changes in fruit quality of Jujube.varieties before and after cold storage were investigated. The results showed that：The flesh firmness of full-red fruit was less than that of half-red fruit of ‘Lingwuchangzao’ jujube in different harvesting time, but the first batch ripeness of fruits was higher than the third. The contents of tiratable acid, soluble solid, sucrose, soluble pectin in ‘Lingwuchangzao’ jujube had being up with increase of ripeness degree. The contents of glucose and fructose in the third batch ripeness of fruits were higher than those of the first, while the contents of sucrose and total sugar in full-red fruit were opposite. The ascorbic acid content had no obvious changes. The flesh firmness and the contents of ascorbic acid, soluble solid, sucrose and total sugar in 3 varieties decreased in the same harvesting day after cold storage of 95days. The flesh firmness and ascorbic acid content in ‘lizao’ jujube were lowest in 3 varieties after storage. The content of sucrose in ‘Dongzao’ jujube went down by 88.5%. The contents of tiratable acid in ‘Lingwuchangzao’ jujube and ‘Dongzao’ jujube showed an upward trend, while ‘Lizao’ jujube had a downward trend. The content of fructose in ‘Dongzao’ jujube went sharply up by 113.6%, being main reason that ‘Dongzao’ jujube became sweeter than ‘Lingwuchangzao’ and ‘Lizao’ jujube after storing.

  The Advances of Apple Ring Rot 2009, 25 (9):  188-191.  Abstract + ( 1553 )   PDF ( 499854KB )   ( 1227 ) Apple ring rot is one of the most serious diseases in apple production. The pathogen, resistance mechanism, and occurrence regularity and its control were summarized, and analyzed the existing problems and research directions.

  Study of rapid propagation axillary browning control about Butterfly orchids stems in vitro 2009, 25 (9):  192-195.  Abstract + ( 1423 )   PDF ( 462805KB )   ( 930 ) Abstract:Browning is a common phenomenon of Phalaenopsis in vitro culture, this test attempts to explore the rapid propagation effective way of butterfly orchid stems Axillary process of in vitro to control their browning, bud induction. Tests prove that all those with axillary pedicel browning segment are lighter than axillary and Cytokinin KT browning symptoms lighter than BA, Bud induction rate than BA; It may reduce the browning that add the appropriate dose of PVP, activated carbon, citric acid etc, citric acid and PVP significantly make better than activated carbon, which provides a reference for the factory about the production of Characteristics flowers and plants.

  Agronomic Performance Assessment of Transgenic Carnation Pilot-testing 2009, 25 (9):  196-198.  Abstract + ( 1421 )   In order to conform the existence of the of agronomic performance differences among Moonshade, Moonlite and FE123,and offer the information of environment safety assessment, statistics analysis on agronomic performance was conducted.It was found that these two GM products showed no significant differences in the ability of getting through summer,the number of branch,the height of plant,the width of leaf, the thickness of leaf, the diameter of flower, the height of corolla,the number of style,the number of sepal and the number of pistil,whereas they showed significant differences distinctly in the width of stem,the length of leaf and number of flower compared with those with FE123.Moreover, Moonlite showed significant differences distinctly in the length of style compared with that with FE123.

  Effect on single plant and population efficiency of fertilization levels and population structure on egg plant XUE Zhu-Zheng , , , , , 2009, 25 (9):  199-201.  Abstract + ( 1484 )   PDF ( 409114KB )   ( 656 ) The effect on single plant and population efficiency of different fertilization levels and population structure on egg plant was studied in this article. The results showed: With the increase of plant density, yield of per plant reduced. Effect on population yield of density was related with fertilization level. Low fertility need low density and high fertility may raise density, the variety will get stable and highest yield. With the increase of plant density, supplement effect of single plant and population decreased. And the highest level of fertilization, the lowest supplement effect decreased.

  植物保护科学

  Comparison of the insecticidal function between Cantharidin and Demethylcantharidin on Plutella xylostella L. ChenYong 2009, 25 (9):  202-206.  Abstract + ( 1380 )   PDF ( 664860KB )   ( 861 ) This paper studies on insecticidal activity and Bioassays of Cantharidin(C10H12O4) which is insects’natural products and Demethylcantharidin which is cantharidin analogues. The bioassay result showed that Cantharidin(C10H12O4) and Demethylcantharidin have obviously insecticidal function, including stomach poisoning and antifeedant activity, to the 3th instar larvae of Plutella xylostella L. The main symptom are that activity of the tested insect decreases and the porepart of body turns black. The LD50 of Demethylcantharidin and Cantharidin is 819.5 μg/g and 8.6875 μg/g, repectively, the former is 94.4 times to the later. The AFC50 of Demethylcantharidin and Cantharidin in selective are 20.46 mg/L and 2.67 mg/L, repectively, the former is 7.66 times to the later. The AFC50 of Demethylcantharidin and Cantharidin in non-selective are 7.63 mg/L and 0.69 mg/L, repectively, the former is 11.06 times to the later. The synergists ZB-1 and ZB-6 have both positive synergism to the efficiencies of cantaridin and demethylcantharidin. By LC50 values the efficiencies of cantaridin and demethylcantaridin stomach poison to the.test insecticidal increased 3.47 and 3.28 times after it mixed with 8% of ZB-1 respectively; and increased 3.52, 1.97 times after it mixed with same density of ZB-6 respectively, Similarly.

  Effects of Phenolic Allelochemicals on the Pathogen of Panax quiquefolium L. YANG Jia-Xue , 2009, 25 (9):  207-211.  Abstract + ( 1586 )   PDF ( 517486KB )   ( 878 ) Phenolic allelochemicals such as vanillic acid, syringic acid, ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid, have been proved to be autotoxins produced by Panax quiquefolium.L. In order to elucidate the interaction between the autotoxins and the disease occurence in ginseng fields, we investgated the effects of the four phenolic acids on the mycilum growth of two pathogens isolated from ginseng and the fields. The mycelial growth of Rhizoctonia solani was promoted by vanillic acid and syringic acid at levels of 0.1~1 mM/L, and it was inhibited remarkably by p-counaric acid of over 1mM/L and modestly by ferulic acid. The radial extent of mycelia of Fusarium solani was increased significantly by ferulic acid of 0.1~1 mM/L and limitedly by p-coumaric acid. vanillic acid had paradoxcial effects on the growth, positively at low levels and negtively at high levels, on which Syringic acid had a slight effect. It is concluded that various phenolic acids had irregular effects on the growth of the pathogens at different concentrations, and there is a complicated relationship between the autotoxins and the occurrence of disease in the ginseng field.

  Bioactivities of methanol extracts from leaves of Cynanchum komarovii to Meloidogyne incognita Wu Chuanwan 2009, 25 (9):  212-215.  Abstract + ( 1509 )   PDF ( 477926KB )   ( 744 ) To find a new effective and low toxic method of prevention and cure Meloidogyne incognito, the methanol extracts from leaves of Cynanchum komarovii were investigated by toxicity test and potting experiment. The results showed that the methanol extracts from leaves of Cynanchum komarovii could highly control Meloidogyne incognita. The treatment (concentration: 3000mg/L, treatment time:48h)，which could lead to 93.30% of corrected mortality for Meloidogyne incognita, had the strongest bioactivity with LC50 of 418.7mg/L, among all the treatments. The Meloidogyne incognita was treated with the methanol extracts from leaves of Cynanchum komarovii which were diluted 100 times, 1000 times and 5000 times respectively. The results showed that the average numbers of root-knots were 11.4±2.24, 24.6±3.78 and 41.2±4.46, which were significantly lower than the control of 5% methanol (67.5±6.18), the plant height of tomato increased 26.5%, 18.7% and 6.6%, the fresh mass increased 31.4%, 12.7% and 1.5% , and the length of root increased 32.6%, 28.8% and 20.9% compared with the control respectively. The methanol extracts of Cynanchum komarovii can alleviate the harm of Meloidogyne incognita and promote the growth of plant. Further research should be done for utilizing Cynanchum komarovii to control Meloidogyne incognita.

  occurrence and control on Liyiomyza huidobrensis in JiDONG HAN Jing-Ling 2009, 25 (9):  216-219.  Abstract + ( 1070 )   PDF ( 520044KB )   ( 593 ) It was finded regulartions of occurrence and method of control on in JiDong by investigating Liyiomyza huidobrensis in different partition. It showed that Liriomyza Huidobrensis occured 10-13 in greenhouse and 5-6 generations in bare land every year, time of each generation change with temperature and humidity, the optimum temperature and humidity was 25℃ and 70%, the optimum medicament is mixtures of Abamectin.dichlorvos,Cyromazine and Nissorm in 1:29:5, it can control Liyiomyza huidobrensis in egg which the efficacy and decrease rate were 95.83% and 96.43% , it is significantly different from Cyromazine.

  Inhibitory effects of extracts from dwarf lilyturf (Ophiopogon japonicus K.) roots on rice blast fungus and rice blast disease at seedling stage 2009, 25 (9):  220-223.  Abstract + ( 1272 )   PDF ( 802111KB )   ( 705 ) This study was carried out to evaluate the inhibitory effects of 70% methanol extracts from dwarf lilyturf (Ophiopogon japonicus K.) roots on two isolates (MAFF305480和MAFF101002) of rice blast fungus (Magnaporthegrisea) from Japan and rice blast disease at seedling stage. The results indicated all extracts from dwarf lilyturf (Ophiopogon japonicus K.) roots with 1/10，1/20，1/40 and 1/80 original solution significantly inhibited both the mycelial growth of the two isolates(MAFF305480 and MAFF101002) by over 56.4% and the degrees of rice blast disease, induced by inoculation of the two isolates, in rice seedlings by over 38.4% and their inhibitory effects become strong along with the higher concentration, which suggest that the extracts from the dwarf lilyturf roots contained inhibitory chemicals for growth of rice blast fungus and even directly inhibited the occurrence and development of rice blast disease in rice seedlings.

  Application Research of Botanical Insecticides on Non-pollution Control against Rice Liu Ti-fen 2009, 25 (9):  224-227.  Abstract + ( 1268 )   PDF ( 501007KB )   ( 744 ) Botanical insecticide derived from plants, derived from the nature, is the true sense of pesticides without poison. Botanical insecticide can be degradation in the nature, and usually botanical insecticide will not pollute the environment and agricultural products. Basing on the performance of four kinds of Botanical insecticide on controlling to Pest Insects, such as Rice Borer, Yellow rice borer, Rice planthopper, Rice case worm etc, the author offers specifications for operation of non-pollution on rice growth stage systemically as follows: Problem-Oriented, at the right time, with the right methods, with the optimization amount, with the right frequency, in the right order, and with the right ratio.

  生态农业科学

  Fragrant eupatorium (Eupatorium odoratum): An invasive plant rapidly spreading in southern China QUAN Guo-Ming 2009, 25 (9):  236-243.  Abstract + ( 1392 )   PDF ( 2236552KB )   ( 1164 ) Eupatorium odoratum is a long-lived perennial plant of Eupatorium, Compositae family, native to South America. It has been bringing about some serious threats to biodiversity, agricultural production and ecological security in the regions where they have invaded and regarded as a global invasive alien weed from tropical to subtropical areas, including America, Africa and Asia. Eupatorium odoratum was first discovered in Yunnan and Hainan provinces in 1934, and now it is spreading rapidly in China, especially in southern China. This paper presented a detailed account of this species in relation to its invasion ecology, such as biological characteristics, invasive mechanisms, harms, utilizations and control strategies. Based on the current research progresses, some important study fields on the ecology and sustainable utilization of Eupatorium odoratum may focus on the following aspects in the future, including: (1)its comprehensive survey and diffusion prediction of invasion; (2)invasive process and its interaction mechanisms; (3)invasive effects and risk assessment; (4)scientific management and control countermeasures.

  Research Advances in Effects of Plant on Soil Microbial Diversity ,Dahan He 2009, 25 (9):  244-250.  Abstract + ( 1666 )   PDF ( 547687KB )   ( 1880 ) Soil microorganism is an active factor in plant-soil ecological system, soil microbial diversity represents the stability of soil microbial community, which is of importance in both plant growth and development and its community succession. In this paper it was through the analysis of effects of plant type, plant diversity, different growth stages of the same plant, plant root exudates and exotic plant invasion on soil microbial diversity to discuss the interrelationship between plant and soil microbial diversity for providing references in studying of plant protection and agricultural sustainability.

  农业资源与环境科学

  Comprehensive Evaluation on the Multi-output Cycling Agriculture in Beijing Suburb Hu YanXia, Li Hong, Wang Yu, Yan Maochao, Ren Wantao, Zhou Liandi 2009, 25 (9):  251-257.  Abstract + ( 1358 )   PDF ( 566664KB )   ( 750 ) Cycling agriculture plays important role in modern agricultural development for the energy crisis and environment pollution.In this article we take the big hoggery-biogas eco-economy system in Nanhanji village, Zhoukoudian town,Fangshan district for a case study, and using the method of energy, emergy and modern economy assessment, the eco-economy system is comprehensively Evaluated. The quantitatively analysis and evaluation result will offer scientific basis for the further development of Beijing cycling agriculture. The result showed that ① from energy point, after cycling, the total energy output efficiency is 1.77 and the total energy input economy efficiency is 87%, greatly increased than the single subsystem.②from emergy point, after cycling, the net emergy yield ratio is 38.04, less than the sub-hoggery system and make the sub-biogas system from negative to positive. This proved that cycling benefits of the agricultural system increased greatly.③from economy point, after cycling, the FIRR(Financial Internal Rate of Return)is 26.8%, more than ic(10%),and the FNPV(Financial Net Present Value) is 261.0wanyuan,this is >0, simultaneity the Pt(Investment return term)is 3nian,all this showed that the economy benefit of the cycling eco-economy system is feasible and continuable.

  The research on erosional types and process of head-cut on Dongzhiyuan of Loess Plateau CHEN Shao-Yu , 2009, 25 (9):  258-263.  Abstract + ( 1278 )   PDF ( 509591KB )   ( 846 ) This paper investigated the situation of head-cuts in Xifeng area、Ning county and Qingcheng county on Dongzhiyuan, we carried out a detailed measurement and analysis of terrain characteristics on the gully heads ,and summarized the overall situation of head-cuts on Dongzhiyuan. On this basis we summed up the genetic types of head-cuts that include flow-induced types, sink hole-induced types, fissure-induced types and human-induced types, and analyzed each type.

  Study on different deep substrates vertical flow wetlands cleaning livestock and poultry breeding wastewater , 2009, 25 (9):  264-267.  Abstract + ( 1462 )   PDF ( 637889KB )   ( 801 ) We selected activated carbon , slag, ceramsite and volcanic as the substrates of vertical flow wetlands and studied the effect of different substrates on livestock and poultry breeding waste as well as the relation between the substrates purification effect on polluted water and time. The results indicate that all of the three substrates had good purification effect on total phosphate (TP), the maximum degradation was 99.6﹪,79.8﹪ and 92.3﹪ respectively, meanwhile three of all had good degradation effect on turbidity and they were 98.5﹪,90.6﹪ and 82.8﹪ respectively. Among substrates the mixture of activated carbon and slag needed more COD(biological oxygen demand) and had better degradation effect of TN (total nitrogen) than ceramsite and volcanic, they achieved 93.2﹪ and 68﹪ while volcanic and ceramsits can get to 58.6﹪ and 53.6﹪ for COD’s degradation respectively, but both maximum degradation of TN only got to 38.2﹪ and 14.4﹪,also their degradation of NO- 3 were 74.1﹪and 61.3﹪respectively. For the time span from 0to 5 days, criteria of polluted water reduced quickly then the purification effect of polluted water trended to be stable.

  Study on Evaluation of Maturity during Banana Stem Composting Treatment 2009, 25 (9):  268-272.  Abstract + ( 1299 )   PDF ( 663481KB )   ( 883 ) An aerobic composting system using banana stem and chicken manure as main stuffing analyses types of material content and parameter variation which are relevant to the maturity, and physical and chemical index of composting maturity evaluation during the composting process. The result showed that the C/N ratio, the cation exchange capacity(CEC), and the CEC/TOC can be a chemical index of the banana stem and chicken manure composting maturity evaluation, but not the water soluble organic carbon(WSC) and pH value.

  Study on Kinetics of Adsorption of Cadmium on four types of soils in Northeast, China 2009, 25 (9):  273-276.  Abstract + ( 1243 )   PDF ( 505671KB )   ( 986 ) Adsorption is the initial process when the exterior heavy metals enter soil, influencing directly bioavailability of metals in soil. The batch techniques were used to investigate the adsorption kinetics of cadmium (Cd) on four types of soils in Northeast China: phaeozem, saline-alkali soil, meadow albic bleached soil and dark brown forest soil. Sorption data was fitted by numbers of kinetic equations in common use. The result showed that, the process of Cd sorption on four types soils could divided into two phases: the fast phase and slow phase. Compared with high Cd concentration 16 mg L-1, there was lesser time for reaching balance of Cd sorption by soils at low Cd concentration 1.6 mg L-1. The rate and amount of Cd sorption by phaeozem, saline-alkali soil were higher than by meadow albic bleached soil and dark brown forest soil, which was more distinct in lower Cd 1.6 mg L-1. That was due to higher content of organic matter on phaeozem, higher pH value and proportion of clay components on saline-alkali soil. The optimum models were obtained by non-linear fitting to describe the kinetic processes of adsorption of Cd on four types of soils in Northeast, China. According to the results, exponential equation and exponential function equation were more appropriate to fit the kinetic process than other equations.

  Ion distribution of Ulmus pumila,Fraxinus velutina,Amorpha fruticosa and Tamarix chinensis in different saline and alkali area 2009, 25 (9):  277-281.  Abstract + ( 965 )   PDF ( 720729KB )   ( 666 )

  热带农业科学

  Studies of Allozyme Heredity Diversity of Wild litchi (litchi chinensis Sonn) in Two Hainan Nature Protection Areas 2009, 25 (9):  282-286.  Abstract + ( 1318 )   PDF ( 503103KB )   ( 662 ) Allozyme variation and genetic diversity were evaluated among wild litchis sampling from two nature protection areas of Bawangling and Diaoluoshan in Hainan island. Eighteen loci of thirteen allozyme systems were detected and used for population genetic analysis. The results show that seven locally rare alleles were found in the two wild litchi populations in the study. A high level of genetic diversity was detected in the two wild litchi populations, with mean number of alleles per locusA=2.05, percentage of polymorphic loci P=61.1 in both populations, mean expected heterozygosityHe=0.23 in Diaoluoshan populations, and He=0.28 in Bawangling populations. The GST was 0.047, I=0.977, suggesting that nearly 98% of the total genetic diversity was distributed within populations. The two litchi populations should be protected as there are locally rare alleles respectively.

  农业传媒科学

  The effect of network platform to scientific and technical core periodicals of animal husbandry and veterinary industry Zhao LianSheng Lian-Sheng 2009, 25 (9):  287-290.  Abstract + ( 1359 )   PDF ( 459889KB )   ( 795 ) Abstract: With the rapid development of scientific and technical core periodicals of animal husbandry and veterinary industry and the popularization of the network, press (editorial department) provide comprehensive, convenient, professional service for author, peer reviewers, reader by website, it is important effecting factors to improve magazine quality, influence and attract excellent contribution source. To offer reference for sustainable development of scientific and technical core periodicals of animal husbandry and veterinary industry, the author investigated 15 core periodicals of animal husbandry and veterinary industry, studied the present situation of network platform of scientific and technical core periodicals of animal husbandry and veterinary industry, and analyzed the effect of network platform to scientific and technical core periodicals of animal husbandry and veterinary industry.

  三农问题研究

  The Analysis of the Employment System in the Countryside for the Graduates of Agricultural Colleges in Tianjin du lihua 2009, 25 (9):  291-293.  Abstract + ( 1298 )   PDF ( 430235KB )   ( 607 ) Tianjin is now developing in the mode of urbanized agriculture of the coastal area in the process of building new socialist countryside. During this time there is surely a great need of high qualified agricultural workers and experts. But in fact the graduates of agricultural colleges take an indifferent attitude towards agriculture and countryside, which has become an urgent problem to solve. This essay just focuses on analyzing the employment system of how to direct the graduates of agricultural colleges in Tianjin to work in the countryside.

  Comparative Study on the Farmland Reform of Cross-strait Xu Zhao-Ji 2009, 25 (9):  294-298.  Abstract + ( 1348 )   PDF ( 490682KB )   ( 726 ) This paper analyzes the evolution of farmland reform in mainland and Taiwan, and studies the problems of existing farmland policy in mainland. Hereby, a few enlightenments and suggests in land policy were proposed. What worth learning from is that the experience of Taiwan which respects social economic developing law in farmland policy reform and be good at application the laws and regulations.

  Tianjin countryside human resources quality analysis and development countermeasure TIAN Yu-Min TIAN Yu-Min 2009, 25 (9):  299-304.  Abstract + ( 1241 )   PDF ( 538070KB )   ( 779 ) Speeds up the countryside human resources development, improves the countryside human resources quality, is the build socialism new countryside basis. The Tianjin countryside human resources total quantity is big, but the overall quality is low, the human resources structure is unreasonable. Causes the Tianjin farmer quality to be low and the structure unreasonable reason is various, is factor combined action and so on history, system, policy results. Speeds up the Tianjin countryside human resources development, should give priority to the rural education, the perfect rural education system, implements the farmer quality to enhance the project, improves the farmer overall quality and the initiative capacity comprehensively, the perfect farmer educates the training system, constructs the farmer to educate training the persistent effect mechanism.

  The Characteristic and Function of Sci-tech Special Commissioner System 自立 丁 , 2009, 25 (9):  305-306.  Abstract + ( 1416 )   PDF ( 385407KB )   ( 716 ) This is a complete set of system that the system of special commissioners in science and technology encourage sci-tech special commissioner go down to the grass-roots units, set up the interests of the community with peasant, agriculture (leading enterprises) and the new cooperative economic organizations, carry out scientific and technological services and establish a business. In this paper, it was discussed that its innovative, systemic, sustainable development and flexibility of the basic features and integration functions, power functions, training functions and transforming function of scientific and technological achievements.