Abstract: In order to improve the economic effect of sugarcane and vegetable soybean, screen highly effective soybean rhizobium, two vegetable soybean varieties‘Qixing1’and‘Huachun4’and two rhizobums CW and XFN-1 were used as materials to evaluate the effect of inoculation as related to varieties under intercropping. The results showed that, inoculating rhizobiums CW and XFN-1 on the‘Qixing1’and‘Huachun4’, the ability of produce nodulation was improved significantly. The yield of‘Huachun4’with rhizobium CW increased significantly, but that of‘Qixing1’reduced slightly. So the production should be the main index of evaluation of rhizobiums with soybean varieties matching. The soybean cultivars nodulation ability was only one index evaluating rhizobiums with soybean varieties matching. Under intercropping conditions, the fresh pod yield per hectare of‘Huachun4’was 7846.9 kg, and the benefit was 28249 yuan per hectare, the pod stalk yield was 9499.9 kg, and the benefit was 19000 yuan. Inoculation of rhizobium CW increased‘Huachun4’yield significantly. The fresh pod yield per hectare was 9418.0 kg, and the benefit was 33905 yuan, the pod stalk yield was 11172.0 kg, and the benefit was 22344 yuan. So the benefits of the harvesting fresh pod were much higher than the pod stalk. Furthermore, the benefits of inoculation of rhizobium CW were increased 20% than no inoculation treatment. Inoculating rhizobium CW on‘Huachun4’, the single plant seed pod number, more seeds pod weights, 100-seed fresh weight were increased significantly, while the other agronomic characters were no effects. Consequently, the biological nitrogen fixation could coordinate soybean nutritional growth and promote reproductive growth. Thereby, improving the soybean yields were under the rhizobium matching with soybean varieties.