Abstract: To study the effect of different calcium fertilizer on garlic production yield and leaf traits, taking 4 kinds of commonly used calcium fertilizers (calcium sulfate, calcium chloride, calcium superphosphate, and calcium magnesium phosphate) as experimental material, setting calcium fertilizer dosage to 100 kg/hm2 CaO, completely randomized block designs are performed and the resulting data (production yield, length, width & thickness of leaf) are collected for variance analysis and difference significance comparison. Results showed that, all 4 kinds of calcium fertilizer increased the production yield than the blank control group (CK), with amplitude from 15.48% to 36.11%, and the difference was significant; the length, width & thickness of leaves also increased than CK: leaf length increased by 1.40%-6.06%, leaf width increased by 3.94%-10.50%, leaf thickness increased by 0.42%-25.20%, and the differences were significant; values of production yield on 3 different experimental sites were in the same order: calcium sulfate > calcium chloride > calcium superphosphate > calcium magnesium phosphate > CK. Leaf length, leaf width and leaf thickness increased for all calcium fertilizer processed subjects in the 3 sites, and calcium sulfate had the best performance in this respect, but differences among 4 kinds of fertilizers were inconsistent for different sites. In alkaline calcareous soil, applying appropriate amount of calcium sulfate, calcium chloride, calcium superphosphate and calcium-magnesia phosphate fertilizer could significantly increase garlic production yield, and promote the growth of garlic leaves with respect of their length, width and thickness. Among these 4 kinds of fertilizers, calcium sulfate has the best performance, and its utilization should be considered as one of the priority selections for the improvement of garlic planting.