Abstract: The grain farmers of Heilongjiang Province have made a significant contribution to national food security, but they always have been plagued by the lower income based on the survey data, this paper selects the multiple linear regression models and uses stepwise to analyze the influencing factors of grain farmers’income in Heilongjiang. The results showed that crop acreage per capita, the average amount of chemical fertilizer, state investment in agriculture, secondary or higher education accounted for an average of one hundred labor are the main factors of income of the farmers in Heilongjiang. Ultimately, the paper gave suggestions that promoting the large-scale planting, raising farmers' own quality and introducing the talents of indigenous knowledge, fighting for national agricultural policy and transferring Heilongjiang surplus labor by cross-border.