Abstract: In order to study growth performance and fat deposition distribution of fat-tail sheep with no tail, the impact on the growth performance and fat deposition distribution of ‘Lanzhou fat-tailed sheep’ and ‘Mongolian sheep’ with fat-tail removal was studied. 18 ‘Lanzhou fat-tailed sheep’ and 18 ‘Mongolian sheep’ which were healthy, at the same age and had almost the same weight were collected in the test. Nine ‘Lanzhou fat-tailed sheep’ and nine ‘Mongolian sheep’ were randomly selected to remove their fat-tail by different methods. ‘Lanzhou fat-tailed sheep’ used surgical method, and ‘Mongolian sheep’ used rubber ring ligation method. No tail sheep formed the treatment group and tail sheep made up the control group of each breed. The results showed that feed intake of each breed in treatment group was lesser than control group after slaughtered, while the average daily gain, live weight before slaughter and hot carcass weight in treatment group was greater than that of control group, but the difference was not significant(P>0.05). There was a highly significant difference in tail and rump fat weight of ‘Lanzhou fat-tailed sheep’ between control group and treatment group(P<0.01), and control group was highly greater than treatment group. The total body fat weight of ‘Lanzhou fat-tailed sheep’ in control group was also significantly greater than treatment group(P<0.05). The remaining parts of the fat weight of ‘Lanzhou fat-tailed sheep’ in control group were lesser than treatment group. Among them, there was no significant difference of the subcutaneous fat weight and perinephric fat weight between each group(P>0.05). The testicular fat weight, omental and mesenteric fat weight and internal fat weight showed significant difference between the two groups(P<0.05). There was also a highly significant difference in tail and rump fat weight of ‘Mongolian sheep’ between control group and treatment group(P<0.01), and control group was highly greater than treatment group. The subcutaneous fat weight, testicular fat weight, perinephric fat weight, omental and mesenteric fat weight, internal fat weight and total body fat weight of ‘Mongolian sheep’ showed no significant differences of the two groups(P>0.05). There was a trend in improving the average daily gain and decreasing feed intake of ‘Lanzhou fat-tailed sheep’ and ‘Mongolia sheep’ with tail removal. There was a little influence on fat deposition distribution with removing fat-tail of ‘Mongolian sheep’, while the fat are more deposited into the skin, testis, kidney and stomach and intestines with removing fat-tail of ‘Lanzhou fat-tailed sheep’. What’s more, the total body fat weight of ‘Lanzhou fat-tailed’ sheep was significantly declined.