Effects of Planting Density on Plant Growth and Yield of Maize in Maize-Soybean Strip Intercropping System

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-1029

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to determine the suitable planting density of maize in maize-soybean strip intercropping system in Jiangsu coastal areas, three planting densities (60000, 67500 and 75000 plants/hm²) were set up with ‘Sukeyu 1705’ and ‘Jiangyu 877’ as the experimental materials to study the effects of planting density on the growth and yield of maize. The results showed that the effects of planting density on plant height, ear height, stem diameter, leaf traits and yield traits were similar between the two varieties. With the increase of planting density, the plant height, ear height, lodging rate, folding rate and empty stem rate of maize increased gradually, while the stem diameter, leaf length, leaf width, leaf angle and yield decreased gradually. Under the density of 60000 plants/hm², ‘Sukeyu 1705’ and ‘Jiangyu 877’ achieved the highest yield of 6299 kg/hm² and 5431 kg/hm² respectively, and had the lowest lodging rate, folding rate and empty stem rate. Under the density of 67500 plants/hm² and 75000 plants/hm², the lodging rate and folding rate of the two varieties both increased, which lead to the increase of yield risks. Compared with ‘Jiangyu 877’, ‘Sukeyu 1705’ achieved higher yield with lower leaf width, leaf area, leaf angle, folding rate and bald tip length, and higher ear length and grain weight under the same planting density. In summary, ‘Sukeyu 1705’ and ‘Jiangyu 877’ can achieve high yield under the planting density of 60000 plants/hm²in maize-soybean strip intercropping system of Jiangsu coastal area.

Key words: maize-soybean strip intercropping, planting density, maize, plant growth, yield

ZHOU Ping, CUI Ling, WANG Haiyan, QIAN Suju, CUI Yakun, CHEN Yanping, YUAN Jianhua. Effects of Planting Density on Plant Growth and Yield of Maize in Maize-Soybean Strip Intercropping System[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2023, 39(14): 1-5.

Figures/Tables 5

References 30

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品种	种植密度株/hm²	叶长/cm	叶宽/cm	叶面积/cm²	叶片夹角/°
苏科玉1705	60000	89.6±1.5a	8.3±0.4b	561.2±39.0a	30.4±1.3b
	67500	85.3±1.7b	7.4±0.1c	476.6±14.2b	29.9±1.4b
	75000	81.5±1.2c	7.5±0.0c	460.9±7.6b	29.0±1.3b
江玉877	60000	75.6±0.9d	9.9±0.2a	561.5±15.4a	36.1±0.4a
	67500	74.2±1.0d	9.8±0.3a	545.1±18.4a	34.1±0.8a
	75000	74.3±1.3d	9.4±0.2a	522.8±18.5a	29.7±2.1b
F值	F_C	297.49**	208.21**	16.25**	37.45**
	F_D	18.79**	9.21**	14.76**	15.48**
	F_C×D	10.14**	3.03	4.04	6.53*

品种	种植密度株/hm²	叶长/cm	叶宽/cm	叶面积/cm²	叶片夹角/°
苏科玉1705	60000	89.6±1.5a	8.3±0.4b	561.2±39.0a	30.4±1.3b
	67500	85.3±1.7b	7.4±0.1c	476.6±14.2b	29.9±1.4b
	75000	81.5±1.2c	7.5±0.0c	460.9±7.6b	29.0±1.3b
江玉877	60000	75.6±0.9d	9.9±0.2a	561.5±15.4a	36.1±0.4a
	67500	74.2±1.0d	9.8±0.3a	545.1±18.4a	34.1±0.8a
	75000	74.3±1.3d	9.4±0.2a	522.8±18.5a	29.7±2.1b
F值	F_C	297.49**	208.21**	16.25**	37.45**
	F_D	18.79**	9.21**	14.76**	15.48**
	F_C×D	10.14**	3.03	4.04	6.53*

品种	种植密度/（株/hm²）	倒伏率/%	倒折率/%	空杆率/%
苏科玉1705	60000	3.5±0.5b	3.7±0.6d	2.0±1.0f
	67500	5.0±0.0b	4.3±0.6cd	5.5±0.5c
	75000	5.5±0.5b	13.5±1.5b	7.0±0.0b
江玉877	60000	4.0±1.0b	6.0±1.0c	3.5±0.5e
	67500	4.7±0.6b	12.0±0.0b	4.5±0.5d
	75000	23.5±2.5a	22.5±1.5a	14.0±0.0a
F值	F_C	125.59**	193.39**	102.27**
	F_D	159.96**	301.25**	346.81**
	F_C×D	122.35**	20.00**	91.36**

品种	种植密度/（株/hm²）	倒伏率/%	倒折率/%	空杆率/%
苏科玉1705	60000	3.5±0.5b	3.7±0.6d	2.0±1.0f
	67500	5.0±0.0b	4.3±0.6cd	5.5±0.5c
	75000	5.5±0.5b	13.5±1.5b	7.0±0.0b
江玉877	60000	4.0±1.0b	6.0±1.0c	3.5±0.5e
	67500	4.7±0.6b	12.0±0.0b	4.5±0.5d
	75000	23.5±2.5a	22.5±1.5a	14.0±0.0a
F值	F_C	125.59**	193.39**	102.27**
	F_D	159.96**	301.25**	346.81**
	F_C×D	122.35**	20.00**	91.36**

品种	种植密度株/hm²	穗长/cm	秃尖长/cm	穗粗/cm	行数	行粒数/个	百粒重/g	产量/(kg/hm²)
苏科玉1705	60000	20.1±0.9a	1.0±0.2c	4.12±0.07b	13.6±0.4a	30.8±1.2a	37.1±1.1a	6299±103a
	67500	18.2±0.5b	1.2±0.1c	4.10±0.17b	14.0±0.7a	28.2±1.3ab	37.0±0.4a	6164±33a
	75000	18.0±0.3b	1.3±0.4bc	3.97±0.21b	14.0±0.7a	27.8±1.0ab	38.1±1.1a	5680±99b
江玉877	60000	17.6±0.4b	1.8±0.3b	4.60±0.20a	14.7±1.8a	29.4±2.1a	33.3±4.0b	5431±435b
	67500	17.5±0.9b	1.8±0.1b	4.57±0.12a	14.0±0.7a	29.0±2.1a	35.7±0.8ab	5282±254bc
	75000	14.7±1.0c	2.8±0.3a	4.53±0.06a	13.3±1.2a	25.8±0.8b	35.7±0.3ab	4847±325c
F值	F_C	42.30**	57.90**	56.07**	0.12	1.42	8.71*	52.31**
	F_D	18.71**	11.20**	0.96	0.38	7.27*	1.43	9.29**
	F_C×D	5.65*	4.13*	0.21	1.45	1.37	0.68	0.01